Around 2 trillion dollars American spent on afghan wars , for around 20 years American forces stayed in Afghanistan, to understand this crisis we have to deep dive in the history of Afghanistan, you know freinds, Afghanistan is called graveyard of empires, many superpowers come to Afghanistan, but returned empty handed, in 1900 British went to Afghanistan, but they were defeated, in 20 th century Soviet Union come to Afghanistan, and after 9 years they returned , and in 21 century USA come to Afghanistan, and is going back, it’s not in history, Afghanistan has never been conquered, Alexander the Great , Arabs ,mongols Mughal ruler Shahjahan and Aurangzeb, and Sikh ruler ranjit Singh has done it , but the afghan warrior made it very difficult for any foreign ruler to take control of Afghanistan

Let’s don’t go so deep , let’s come to 1800 , when their was Russian empire and British empire, and india was in control of British, and in between Afghanistan was a buffer zone , both the Russian and British think that they will try to control Afghanistan, initially, western countries didn’t know much about Afghanistan, in 1838 British were confident that they can occupy and control Afghanistan, then their was a king of Afghanistan, Emir dost Mohammad, then British un throned him and set a puppet ruler, shah sujah durani, there was no army in Afghanistan that time , but thousands of small villages were there, every village has its chief, he took some boys with him to fight in the Favor of emir in return of money,

That money reduces so much in the rule of that puppet ruler , so all the villagers cheif united under Akbar khan , and all the villagers started fighting against the British, three years this war continued, and British were defeated, this war is called first Anglo afghan war (1839-1842) and then 2nd war was held in 1878 , at that time British won the war , but they don’t want to rule directly, they appointed new king , famous known as iron amir , they only want to have influence in the buffer zone of Afghanistan, in 1893 one international border was made , between Afghanistan and British India , which is known as Durand line , in 1907 an agreement was signed between Russian and British, where the Russian acknowledged that Afghanistan comes under the British sphere of influence, after that in 1918 in Russia, there happened a movement of communist and Lenin comes in power, and after that third war happened in 1919 , it is called war of independence in Afghanistan, and after this war Afghanistan gets its full freedom from British rule, after that, india Pakistan partition happen in 1947 , but the Durand line was still the border with Afghanistan with Pakistan, afghan were not happy with Durand line , so Afghanistan support the separatists movement in Pakistan, but because of this Pakistan closed the borders with Afghanistan, in 1964 a new constitution was brought, that parliament elections can be held , in 1988 , new elections of parliament were held , in 1990 Afghanistan was declared a Islamic republic

Then international conflict between usa and Afghanistan began in 2001 and was triggered by 9/11 attacks, and consisted of three phases, 1) toppling the taliban 2) the second phase was started from 2002-2008 , defeating the taliban by military power and rebuilt core institutions of afghan state , 3) the third phase was started in 2008

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