India aims to establish its own space station by 2035. The project is tentatively named the “Bharatiya Antariksha Station” or Indian Space Station. India also aspires to send its first astronaut to the Moon by 2040.
Prime Minister Narendra Modi directed the Indian Space Research Organisation (Isro) to aim for these goals. The Indian space station is likely to be much smaller, built by combining a couple of modules similar to the current crew module. It will weigh only 20 tonnes as compared to 450 tonnes of the International Space Station and 100 tonnes of the Chinese Tiangong Space Station.
The Department of Space presented the prime minister with a comprehensive overview of the mission, including various technologies developed so far such as human-rated launch vehicles and system qualification.
India has made several achievements in space, including:
- Mars Orbiter Mission: India’s first mission to Mars, which tested technologies for interplanetary exploration.
- Chandrayaan-2: India’s second moon mission, which was launched in 2019.
- Chandrayaan-1: India’s first spacecraft, which orbited the moon in 2008.
- 1-B satellite: Helped spread TV signals and forecast weather across India.
- RLV-TD: A reusable launch vehicle space shuttle that can launch satellites into Earth’s orbit.
India also:
- Established the Indian Space Research Organization (ISRO) in 1969.
- Launched its first satellite, Aryabhata, in 1975.
- Fixed glitches and operationalized its Geosynchronous Satellite Launch Vehicle.
- Operationalized the next-generation launch vehicle GSLV Mk III.
- Demonstrated an Air-breathing Propulsion System that uses atmospheric oxygen to burn rocket fuel.
India has had several successful space missions, including:
Mangalyaan India’s first interplanetary mission, which reached Mars orbit in 2014.
Chandrayaan-1 India’s first moon mission, which orbited the moon in 2008.
Chandrayaan-3 India’s Vikram lander successfully landed on the moon in 2023.
Other successful missions include:
- Aryabhata, India’s first satellite.
- Indian National Satellite System (INSAT) Series.
- GSAT Series.
- Mars Orbiter Mission (MOM).
India’s Mars mission cost only $74 million, which is a fraction of the cost of other missions.
Some of the most famous space missions include:
- Apollo 11: The first humans to walk on the moon.
- Gagarin’s first flight into orbit
- Landing on Mars
- Pioneer 10 and Pioneer 11: The first spacecraft to visit Jupiter and Saturn.
- Cassini-Huygens: A joint mission between NASA, the ESA, and ASI.
- Sputnik 1: The first artificial satellite.
Other famous space missions include:
- Apollo 8, the first human mission to the moon.
- Pioneer 10 and Pioneer 11, the first spacecraft to visit Jupiter and Saturn.
- Voyager, which set the precedent.
- Hubble, which returned the most astrophysics.
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