The bright object next to the moon is not a star, but the planet Jupiter. Jupiter is brighter than any star and moves from east to west during the night. 

Other bright objects that can appear next to the moon include: Saturn, Mars, Venus. 

You can tell the difference between a star and a planet by checking if the object twinkles. If it does, it’s a star. If it doesn’t, it’s a planet. 

Planets appear to move across the sky as the Earth turns, keeping their position with respect to the surrounding stars.

bright star in the sky could be a planet reflecting sunlight to Earth. If the star is bluish, it’s probably Venus. If it’s ruddy, it’s probably Mars. 

Other bright objects in the sky include: 

• Comets, which leave space debris in their wake 
• Meteors, which are bits of dust that burn up in the atmosphere 
• Sirius, which is the second brightest star in the sky 

The brightest star in the sky is the Sun, which is −26.78 mag. The second brightest is Sirius, which is −1.46 mag.

star’s brightness depends on its luminosity and distance from Earth. Luminosity is the total energy a star emits per second. A star’s apparent brightness is how bright it looks from Earth’s perspective. 

The closer a star is to Earth, the brighter it appears. Larger stars usually shine more brightly than smaller stars. 

A star’s color tells us about its temperature and mass. Blue stars are the hottest and most massive of all. Any star that has three or more times as much mass as the sun will tend to look blue to our eyes. 

The surface temperature of a star determines the color of light it emits. Blue stars are hotter than yellow stars, which are hotter than red stars. 

The faintest star visible to the unaided eye has a magnitude of +6.0. The visual magnitude of Sirius is -1.44, lower than any other star.

You can tell if a bright spot in the night sky is a planet by checking if it twinkles. Planets don’t twinkle, but stars do. Planets also remain constant in their brightness and overall appearance in the night sky. 

Here are some other ways to tell if a bright spot in the night sky is a planet: 

• Planets change position in the night sky. 
• Planets appear as pinpoints of light. 
• Planets have distinct hues. 
• Planets are much closer to Earth than stars. 
• Planets orbit a star. 
• Planets are big enough to have enough gravity to force them into a spherical shape. 
• Planets are big enough that their gravity cleared away any other objects of a similar size near their orbit around the star. 

Venus is the brightest planet in the Solar System. It can often be seen within a few hours after sunset or before sunrise

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