The Ingenuity helicopter is a NASA aircraft that flies in the Martian sky. It was designed by Dr J Bob Balaram, an Indian citizen who works at NASA’s Jet Propulsion Laboratory. 

About the Ingenuity helicopter 

• The Ingenuity helicopter is part of NASA’s Perseverance rover, which was launched in 2020. 
• The helicopter is 1.8 kg and nicknamed “Ginny”. 
• It’s made of ultra-lightweight carbon fiber and is only half a meter long. 
• The Ingenuity helicopter was a technology demonstration to test if it was possible to fly a rotorcraft on Mars. 
• The helicopter lifted off the surface of Mars to its maximum altitude of 10 feet (3 meters) and hovered for 30 seconds. 
• The Ingenuity helicopter has completed 64 flights since first taking to the skies above the Red Planet on April 19, 2021. 

About Dr J Bob Balaram 

• Dr Balaram is an Indian citizen who studied Mechanical Engineering at IIT, Madras. 
• He has worked with NASA for 20 years. 
• Dr Balaram said, “It was a problem making the Ingenuity helicopter as none believed in it”.

The 1.8 kg chopper, called Ingenuity, nicknamed “Ginny”, is part of NASA’s Perseverance rover which was launched in 2020 and is still active on Mars. The man who designed the aircraft is Dr J Bob Balaram — an Indian citizen currently working at NASA’s Jet Propulsion Laboratory or JPL.2

NASA’s Ingenuity Mars Helicopter has several missions: 

• Demonstrate powered flight on Mars Ingenuity’s main goal was to show that aerial exploration is possible on Mars. It completed a five-flight demonstration mission in April and early May of 2021. 
• Scout for the Perseverance team NASA granted an extension to Ingenuity, which is now serving as a scout for the Perseverance team. 
• Give scientists a new perspective on Mars geology NASA aims to use flight details to give scientists a new perspective on Mars geology. 
• Peer into areas that are too steep or slippery for a rover This technology might even help astronauts in exploring Mars in the distant future. 

Ingenuity-like drones could also: 

• Carry small science instruments or sampling equipment 
• Search for landing sites for future Mars missions 
• Serve as shipping couriers, carrying payloads from one location to anothe

Ingenuity was the first aircraft to achieve powered, controlled flight on another planet. It was also the first aircraft to fly on Mars. 

Powered, controlled flight 

• Ingenuity was the first aircraft to achieve powered, controlled flight on another planet. 
• It was a technology demonstration to test powered, controlled flight on another world for the first time. 

Flying on Mars 

• Ingenuity was the first aircraft to fly on Mars. 
• It was built to lift off using its special rotor in the Martian atmosphere. 
• The Martian atmosphere is very thin, just around one percent of Earth’s, which makes it hard for things to lift off.

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