In 2022, astronomers using the Merchison Widefield array discovered a radio signal that was arriving every 22 minutes. The signal has been arriving at Earth since at least 1988. 

The signal is thought to be from a cosmic object that is pulsing radio waves toward Earth. The object is located in the Scutum constellation, 15,000 light-years from Earth. It was named GPM J1839−10. 

The signal is a burst of radio energy that lasts anywhere from 30 to 300 seconds. The intensity varies from barely detectable to blinding. Sometimes it’s a single flash, and other times it’s minor flashes proceeding and immediately following the main signal. 

Scientists have no idea what is causing the signal. The object is thought to be a dying star that is emitting energy from its poles. But it’s spinning too slowly to exist. It could also be a highly magnetised white dwarf or magnetar.

What is the light blinking in space every 22 minutes?

A cosmic object that has been pulsing radio waves toward Earth every 22 minutes for more than 30 years has left scientists baffled. The object is thought to be a dying star that is emitting energy from its poles

What is that mysterious object sending signals to Earth?

The newly discovered object named GPMJ1839-10, however, is way beyond that death line. If it is a pulsar, then it seems to be operating in ways that scientists thought impossible. It could also be a highly magnetised white dwarf or magnetar, an extra kind of neutron star with incredibly strong magnetic fields

Assuming it’s a magnetar, it shouldn’t be possible for this object to produce radio waves. But we’re seeing them,” saidNatasha Hurley-Walker, a radio astronomer from Curtin University in Australia who led the research, in a statement( source google)

This star is crossing the death line

Scientists expect pulsating neutron stars to slow down until they reach a “death line.” This is a theoretical threshold that dictates that stars that are too slow are about to die. This threshold is usually thought to be crossed when the pulses slow to more than a few minutes apart.

But the pulses coming from GPM J1839−10, the team found, came every 22 minutes. And these could last up to five minutes each, defying all expectations

This object’s pulses had been picked up, unnoticed, by observatories around the world for years, beaming “like clockwork, every 1,318.1957 seconds, give or take a tenth of a millisecond,” per Hurley-Walker.

This goes against what we know about neutron stars. These are expected to die out in months. For instance, the 2018 object only blazed for a short while, between January and March 2018. 

But the first record of GPM J1839−10’s pulses dates back to 1988 — about 33 years ago. 

This could mean the object is a new type of stellar system altogether. 

“This remarkable object challenges our understanding of neutron stars and magnetars, which are some of the most exotic and extreme objects in the universe,” said Hurley-Walker.(source google)

Mysterious radio signals are often called “fast radio bursts” (FRBs). FRBs are pulses of radio waves that last milliseconds. They are considered mysterious because astronomers are still studying where they come from and how they are made. 

Examples of mysterious radio signals 

• FRB 20190520B: A repeating signal detected from another galaxy, nearly 3 billion light-years away from Earth. 
• A signal from a distant galaxy: A signal that took 8 billion years to reach Earth. 
• A radio halo from Abell 1213: A radio signal that reveals the intricate core of a distant galaxy cluster. 
• An interstellar radio signal: A signal that emits pulses of radio waves in a 22-minute cycle. 
• A “strange and persistent” radio signal: A signal that lasted about three seconds and had periodic peaks that emitted every fraction of a second. 

Other mysterious radio signals 

• A mysterious source sending radio signals to Earth. 
• A pulsar that is spinning 1,000 times slower than other pulsars.

Earth also emits radio waves through auroras. Auroras, also known as the northern and southern lights, are created when the Earth’s magnetic field interacts with the solar wind.

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