A new geology paper says that ultrafine dust particles helped end the reign of the dinosaurs. The dust particles filled the atmosphere and blocked sunlight for up to 15 years. This prevented plants from photosynthesizing and lowered global temperatures by 15 degrees C (59 F). 

The extinction event that wiped out the dinosaurs 66 million years ago was not solely caused by sulfur and soot from the impact. Past studies had neglected the role of trillions of tons of dust that could have been propelled into the air when the asteroid struck. 

The dinosaur-killing crash threw huge amounts of debris into the air and caused massive tidal waves to wash over parts of the American continents. There is also evidence of substantial fires from that point in history.

It took about 33,000 years for dinosaurs to die off after the asteroid hit. However, it’s possible that most extinctions happened within months of the impact. 

The asteroid impact was part of the largest mass extinction event in the last 100 million years. It drove over 75% of Earth’s species to extinction. However, life on the planet took at least 30,000 years to bounce back. 

The only dinosaurs to survive the mass extinction event were birds. Other survivors included alligators, crocodiles, frogs, and salamanders( source google)

Some theories for the extinction of dinosaurs include: 

• Asteroid impact: The most common theory is that a giant meteor hit the earth, filling the atmosphere with deadly gas, vaporized rock, and dust. 
• Hypervulcanism: The second most popular theory. 
• Evolutionary failure: Another theory. 

Other theories include: Volcanic eruptions, Climate change, Sea-level change, An epidemic, A supernova. 

Some scientists believe that the asteroid impact was only part of a much greater picture. They theorize that falls in sea levels, global warming, and volcanic eruptions may have also contributed to the extinction of dinosaurs

The Chicxulub crater is an impact crater buried beneath the Yucatán Peninsula in Mexico. It was formed when a large asteroid, about ten kilometers in diameter, struck Earth. The asteroid struck in shallow water and caused a large tsunami. 

Location The crater’s center is offshore, but it’s named after the onshore community of Chicxulub Pueblo. 

Size The crater has a surface area of 25,450 km². It’s the largest impact crater on the planet to form in the last 1 billion years. 

Visibility The crater is not visible at the Earth’s surface. However, there are two surface expressions of the crater. Radar measurements captured from one of NASA’s space shuttles detected a subtle depression in the sediments that bury the crater. 

History The asteroid impact is linked with the Cretaceous-Paleogene (K-Pg) mass extinction at ∼66 Ma. It killed off the dinosaurs 66 million years ago

The Chicxulub crater is considered the best explanation for the extinction of the dinosaurs. The asteroid impact is believed to have caused a decades-long “impact winter” that killed the dinosaurs. The impact is also believed to have caused the mass extinction of non-avian dinosaurs and many other species on Earth. 

However, some say that the Chicxulub impact probably didn’t cause the extinction. The large particulate material it distributed in the atmosphere would have sedimented out again entirely within a handful of years

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