According to a study published in Nature, 56% of the world’s oceans have changed color due to climate change. The study found that tropical waters, especially the southern Indian Ocean, have turned green. The green color indicates an increase in phytoplankton and marine life. 

Green-colored water indicates life, especially phytoplankton, which are microscopic plant-like organisms. Blue, in contrast, indicates little life. 

The study’s authors say that natural instances, like seasonal or yearly variations to phytoplankton blooms, don’t explain the oceans’ shift in color.

The ocean regions near the equator have become greener than other regions. The conclusions were made on the basis of data collected by scientists in different countries. The change of colour is due to the increased presence of plankton, which is an ubiquitous marine organism

The main cause of ocean warming is the warming of the Earth’s atmosphere due to increased levels of carbon dioxide. Rising levels of carbon dioxide are attributed to: 

• Large-scale deforestation 
• Rising consumption of fossil fuels like gasoline and coal 
• The Industrial Revolution 

Greenhouse gases trap more energy from the sun, causing the oceans to absorb more heat. Since 1971, the ocean has absorbed 90 percent of the excess energy added to Earth’s climate by burning fossil fuels and other human activities. 

The effects of ocean warming include: 

• Sea level rise due to thermal expansion 
• Coral bleaching 
• Accelerated melting of Earth’s major ice sheets 
• Intensified hurricanes 
• Changes in ocean health and biochemistry 
• Marine heatwaves 
• Ocean acidification

Ocean warming has many consequences, including: 

• Sea level rise As water heats up, it becomes less dense and expands, causing sea levels to rise. 
• Coral bleaching Rising ocean temperatures can cause coral bleaching. 
• Melting ice sheets Ocean warming can contribute to the melting of ice sheets around Greenland and Antarctica. 
• Impacts on marine ecosystems Ocean warming can affect marine species and ecosystems, causing the loss of breeding grounds for marine fishes and mammals. 
• Food security Ocean warming can make fish smaller, making fish stocks smaller, and change where fish are caught. 
• Changes in global precipitation patterns Rising ocean temperatures can strengthen the exchange of energy from oceans to the atmosphere, leading to changes in global precipitation patterns. 

Other consequences of ocean warming include: 

• Intensified hurricanes 
• Changes in ocean health and biochemistry 
• Increased stratification in the ocean 
• Alteration of ocean currents 
• Reduced solubility of carbon in ocean water 
• Impacts on Earth’s cryosphere 
• Ocean heat waves 
• Marine heatwaves 
• Ocean acidification 
• Increased illness rates 
• Reduced coastal protection

The scenario that considered the addition of greenhouse gas emissions showed that colour could change in about 50 per cent of the world’s surface oceans, which is comparable to satellite observations. These observations estimated that 56 per cent of the saltwater bodies are turning green or blue.

“I’ve been running simulations that have been telling me for years that these changes in ocean colour are going to happen,” Dutkiewicz said in a statement.

“To actually see it happening for real is not surprising, but frightening. And these changes are consistent with human-induced changes to our climate,” she added.

The green hue comes from chlorophyll, a pigment that helps phytoplankton make food. A change in colour due to an increase or decline in the population will impact organisms that feed on plankton.

“It will also change how much the ocean will take up carbon because different types of plankton have different abilities to do that. So, we hope people take this seriously,” Dutkiewicz explained.( source google)

The presence of green color on the surface of ocean water while swimming could be an indication of a harmful algal bloom (HAB).

Green ocean water can indicate different things, depending on the context

Green water in the ocean may be safe to swim in if it’s caused by natural factors, such as the presence of algae. However, if the green water is caused by pollution or other environmental factors, it may not be safe to swim in. 

Direct contact with algae can cause irritation to the skin, eyes, ears, nose, and mouth. Humans can be exposed to harmful algal blooms through accidental ingestion while swimming, by inhaling water spray (aerosols) during water recreation (such as boating), or by being in the water where a bloom is occurring. 

Swallowed water with HABs can also cause nausea, diarrhea, and vomiting. Ingesting water with high levels of toxins over long-time periods has also been associated with effects on the liver and nervous system

It is also a huge threat to human health when some of these algae release toxins which can be deadly to those who breathe them

The ocean is turning green due to climate change. More than half of the world’s oceans have changed colors in the past 20 years, becoming more green than blue. 

Here are some ways you can help prevent oceans from becoming green: 

• Reduce your carbon footprint You can do this by driving less, switching to fluorescent light bulbs, composting your food waste, eating locally, and eating low on the food chain. 
• Reduce vehicle pollution You can do this by driving less, biking, walking, or carpooling. 
• Reduce waste You can do this by cleaning up after yourself, exploring and appreciating the ocean without interfering with wildlife, and participating in local beach cleanups. 
• Reduce global warming emissions You can do this by dramatically cutting your global warming emissions and limiting future warming. 

The ocean is blue because water absorbs colors in the red part of the light spectrum. The ocean may also take on green, red, or other hues as light bounces off of floating sediments and particles in the water.

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