A joint study by researchers from Johannes Gutenberg University Mainz (JGU), the Leibniz Zentrum für Archäologie (LEIZA), and Leiden University, published in Scientific Reports, suggested that around 400,000 years ago, early humans not only hunted but also skillfully processed and consumed beavers

According to a study published in Scientific Reports, early humans hunted beavers for food and possibly their pelts around 400,000 years ago. The study was a collaboration between researchers from Johannes Gutenberg University Mainz (JGU), the Leibniz Zentrum für Archäologie (LEIZA), and Leiden University. 

The study found cut marks on the bones of 94 beavers from a 400,000-year-old hominin site in Bilzingsleben, Germany. The cut marks were made by stone tools used to process the beaver carcasses. This suggests that early humans not only hunted beavers, but also skillfully processed them. 

The study challenges the idea that early humans ate primarily large mammals. It indicates that early humans had a more varied diet than previously thought.

Early humans hunted a variety of animals, including: 

• Large animals: Antelopes, gazelles, wildebeest, wild cattle, and horses 
• Small animals: Tree-dwelling monkeys, tree squirrels, deer, mountain goats, and sheep 
• Other animals: Mammoths, aurochs, giant elk, and wild bears 

Early humans used basic tools to hunt, including: 

• Stone and bone tools 
• Crude stone axes 
• Daggers and spear points 
• Hand axes and choppers 
• Scrapers 

They also used splinters of bones as needles and fishhooks. 

Around 50,000 years ago, humans began using more complex hunting systems, such as: 

• Bow and arrow 
• Spear thrower 

Around 25,000 years ago, humans began using new hunting aids, such as: Dogs, Traps, Fishing hooks. 

Early humans were also prey to a variety of animals, including: 

Giant birds, Crocodiles, Leopards, Bears, Sabertooth cats, Snakes, Hyenas, Komodo dragons, Other hominins.

Homo sapiens mainly hunted small animals like: Deer, Mountain goats, Sheep, Wild bears, Wild boars. 

Homo sapiens also hunted mammoths, which are part of the extinct genus Mammuthus. 

Homo sapiens also ate: Fruit, Flowers, Leaves, Insects, Meat

Yes, humans have hunted other humans: 

• Ancient Greece The Spartan upper class hunted members of their helot population to keep them under control. 
• Europe Authorities hunted down members of religious minorities, such as the Waldenses, Cathars, Anabaptists, and Huguenots. 
• California Indigenous people were hunted down and killed for bounties during the California genocide of 1846 to 1873. 
• Ancient humans A fossilized leg bone with cut marks made by stone tools may be the earliest evidence that ancient humans ate each other.

Some say that humans were expert hunters from the beginning.  They used complex hunting techniques to ambush and kill large animals.  One theory is that humans were “persistence hunters” who would stalk predators until they collapsed from exhaustion. However, there is no evidence that ancient humans were persistence hunters. 

Humans were hunter-gatherers, which meant they foraged or hunted food from their environment. This was the only way of life for humans until about 12,000 years ago when agriculture emerged

Some say that early humans were scavengers. They may have scavenged the carcasses of animals ranging in size from wildebeest to elephants. They may have also scavenged in different habitats, such as grasslands and woodlands. 

However, other evidence suggests that late Pleistocene humans were primarily predators. They may have scavenged secondarily. 

Early humans were also hunter-gatherers. They hunted animals and gathered resources from the forest for food and shelter. They were nomadic and moved around in search of food, water, and prey.

A hunter kills animals for food.A scavenger eats the remains of dead animals or other food left behind. Scavengers can be herbivores, omnivores, or carnivores.  They help clean the environment. 

Hunter 

• A person who hunts game or other wild animals for food or in sport 
• A person who searches for something 
• A dog or horse used or trained for hunting 

Scavenger 

• An organism that mostly consumes decaying biomass, such as meat or rotting plant material 
• An animal that feeds on the remains of other animals or eats decomposing plant or animal matter 
• Someone who collects things that people have thrown away or left somewhere 

Some examples of scavengers include: Vultures, Raccoons, Crows, Foxes. 

Some examples of hunting animals include: Hyenas, Lions, Tigers, Wolves. (Full article source google)

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