The Indian Space Research Organisation (ISRO) is confident of building the first unit of India’s space station by 2028. The space station, named the “Bharatiya Antariksha Station“, is expected to be operational by 2035.
India’s space roadmap for 2047 includes multiple lunar missions and plans for Moon tourism. India also aims to achieve a manned lunar landing by 2040.
India’s first lunar space probe, Chandrayaan-1, found water on the Moon. The probe mapped the Moon in infrared, visible, and X-ray light from lunar orbit
Indian Prime Minister Narendra Modi has called on space scientists to aim for new and ambitious goals, including setting up an Indian space station by 2035 and sending Indians to the Moon by 2040. He also highlighted the importance of inter-planetary missions, such as a Venus orbiter mission and a Mars lander mission
The Bharatiya Antariksha Station is a planned space station that India will build and operate. The Indian Space Research Organisation (ISRO) will operate the space station.
The space station will weigh 20 tonnes and orbit about 400 kilometers above the Earth. Astronauts could stay in the space station for 15–20 days.
Prime Minister Narendra Modi has asked ISRO to aim to build the space station by 2035. The space station could open up new avenues for scientific discovery and technological innovation.
NASA chief Bill Nelson said that NASA would be happy to help India build its space station and use it for commercial purpose
In 2019, Indian Space Research Organisation (ISRO) chief K Sivan presented the features of the proposed space station for the first time, saying that the space station may weigh up to 20 tons. Three years later before retiring as chairman, in his new year’s speech, he stated that India’s first crewed spaceflight project Gaganyaan has completed the design phase and has entered into the testing phase, hinting that the organization has achieved a breakthrough in reaching the space mission milestone
In 2023, chief S Somanath said: “Our Gaganyaan programme is towards a human space flight capability to space and once that happens, we will be able to look at space station building in subsequent modules. The timeline for this space station project spans the next 20 to 25 years, he said. “We will be definitely looking at manned exploration, a human spaceflight for a longer duration, space exercise there in our agenda,” Somanath replied. Following on from the GAGANYAANproject, it and a manned Moon landing by the year 2040 has been set as ISRO’s goal for the upcoming decade, with a whole host of new projects and undertakings to come up in support of the mission.
A space station is a spacecraft capable of supporting a human crew in orbit for an extended period of time and is therefore a type of space habitat. It lacks major propulsion or landing systems. An orbital station or an orbital space station is an artificial satellite(i.e., a type of orbital spaceflight). Stations must have docking ports to allow other spacecraft to dock to transfer crew and supplies. The purpose of maintaining an orbital outpost varies depending on the program. Space stations have most often been launched for scientific purposes, but military launches have also occurred
As of 2023, there are two fully operational space stations in low Earth orbit (LEO) – the International Space Station (ISS) and China‘s Tiangong Space Station (TSS). The ISS has been permanently inhabited since October 2000 with the Expedition 1 crews and the TSS began continuous inhabitation with the Shenzhou 14 crews in June 2022. These stations are used to study the effects of spaceflight on the human body, as well as to provide a location to conduct a greater number and longer length of scientific studies than is possible on other space vehicles. In 2022, the TSS finished its phase 1 construction with the addition of two lab modules: Wentian (“Quest for the Heavens”), launched on 24 July 2022, and Mengtian (“Dreaming of the Heavens”) launched on 31 October 2022, joining the ISS as the most recent space station operating in orbit. In July 2022, Russia announced intentions to withdraw from the ISS after 2024 in order to build its own space station. There have been numerous decommissioned space stations, including the USSR’s Salyuts, Russia’s Mir, NASA’s Skylab, and China’s Tiangong 1and Tiangong 2.
Early concepts
The first mention of anything resembling a space station occurred in Edward Everett Hale‘s 1869 “The Brick Moon“.The first to give serious, scientifically grounded consideration to space stations were Konstantin Tsiolkovsky and Hermann Oberthabout two decades apart in the early 20th century. In 1929, Herman Potočnik‘s The Problem of Space Travel was published, the first to envision a “rotating wheel” space station to create artificial gravity. Conceptualized during the Second World War, the “sun gun” was a theoretical orbital weaponorbiting Earth at a height of 8,200 kilometres (5,100 mi). No further research was ever conducted. In 1951, Wernher von Braunpublished a concept for a rotating wheel space station in Collier’s Weekly, referencing Potočnik’s idea. However, development of a rotating station was never begun in the 20th century.
First advances and precursors
The first human flew to space and concluded the first orbit on April 12, 1961 with Vostok 1.
The Apollo program had in its early planninginstead of a lunar landing a crewed lunar orbitalflight and an orbital laboratory station in orbit of Earth, at times called Project Olympus, as two different possible program goals, until the Kennedy administration sped ahead and made the Apollo program focus on what was originally planned to come after it, the lunar landing. The Project Olympus space station, or orbiting laboratory of the Apollo program, was proposed as an in-space unfolded structure with the Apollo command and service moduledocking. While never realized, the Apollo command and service module would performe docking maneuvers and eventually become a lunar orbiting module which was used for station-like purposes.
But before that the Gemini program paved the way and achieved the first space rendezvouswith Gemini 6 and Gemini 7 in 1965.
The Indian Human Spaceflight Programme(IHSP) is an ongoing programme by the Indian Space Research Organisation (ISRO) to develop the technology needed to launch crewed orbital spacecraft into low Earth orbit. Three uncrewed flights, named Gaganyaan-1, Gaganyaan-2 and Gaganyaan-3 are scheduled to launch in 2024 followed by crewed flight in 2024 on an LVM3 rocket.
Moon tourism may become possible in the future. Space tourism startup companies are planning to offer tourism on or around the Moon between 2023 and 2043.
Some businesses already offer journeys to the International Space Station, suborbital flights, and moon adventures. Aerospace companies like Blue Origin and Virgin Galactic are developing suborbital space tourism vehicles. SpaceX announced in 2018 that they are planning on sending space tourists on a free-return trajectory around the Moon on the Starship.
CheapTickets will be the first online travel agency (OTA) to offer airline tickets to the moon in spring 2024
The Indian Space Research Organisation (ISRO) has plans to offer moon tourism and develop infrastructure on the moon. The ISRO’s roadmap for 2047 includes lunar missions and a space station. The ISRO plans to build a space station by 2028.
The ISRO also plans to offer space tourism by 2030. The expected cost of a ticket for such a journey would be Rs 6 crore. The ISRO is working on a safe and reusable space tourism module.
The ISRO’s lunar missions include: Chandrayaan-4, Chandrayaan-5, Chandrayaan-6, Chandrayaan-7.
The ISRO’s interplanetary mission to Venus is Shukrayaan 1, with a projected launch date in end-2024(full article source google)
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