In December 2023, NASA released a video on its YouTube channel that highlights science experiments conducted on the International Space Station (ISS) in 2023. The video includes experiments ranging from flower gardens to dancing flames. The video also features astronaut Mark Vande Hei exploring the science of fire and how NASA studies flames. 

The video provides a glimpse into experiments that could be important for future space exploration. For example, research on the ISS aims to improve knowledge about the effects of long-term space exposure on the human body. This data will be used to determine whether space colonization and lengthy human spaceflight are feasible.

From beautiful gardens filled with blooming flowers to dancing flames, the space agency shared a video showcasing the experiments conducted on the International Space Station (ISS) this year. NASA’s Lyndon B. Johnson Space Center Official YouTube Channel released the clip on Tuesday

Some experiments look at how living things, including humans, insects, and plants, survive and get used to living in space. Other experiments look at chemical reactions and how materials, such as metals and crystals, behave in space

Here are some of the experiments conducted on the International Space Station in 2023: 

• Growth of plants in microgravity: This experiment studied how plants grow in microgravity. The results of this experiment could help us to develop new ways to grow food in space. 
• Effect of microgravity on human cells: This experiment studied the effects of microgravity on human cells. The results of this experiment could help us to understand how to protect astronauts from the harmful effects of microgravity. 
• Testing new materials: This experiment tested new materials that could be used to build spacecraft and other structures in space. The results of this experiment could help us to develop new and stronger materials for space exploration. 

These are just a few of the many experiments that were conducted on the International Space Station in 2023. The results of these experiments will help us to learn more about space and how to live and work in it.

Current crew vehicles are the Russian Soyuz and SpaceX Dragon. Current cargo vehicles are Soyuz, Dragon, and Northrop Grumman’s Cygnus. Future vehicles include Boeing’s Starliner for crews, and Japan’s HTV-X and the Sierra Nevada Dream Chaser for cargo

In the future, NASA plans to use privately operated crew vehicles to transport astronauts to the International Space Station (ISS). This is part of NASA’s Commercial Crew Development (CCDev) program, which is funded by the U.S. government

NASA is partnering with private companies to build spacecraft that can carry humans into orbit. Once the vehicles are built, the companies will retain ownership and control of them. NASA will then be able to send astronauts into space for a lower cost than a seat on Russia’s Soyuz spacecraft. 

NASA is also developing its Space Launch System (SLS), which will launch crews of up to four astronauts on missions to explore deep space destinations

NASA’s Human Research Program (HRP) studies how spaceflight affects human bodies and behaviors. This research is conducted in laboratories, ground-based analogs, and the International Space Station (ISS). The HRP’s goal is to develop the best methods and technologies to support safe and productive human space travel. 

NASA’s Artemis program aims to land humans on the moon in 2025 to begin building a base camp. This long-term human presence on the lunar surface will help NASA prepare for human space exploration missions of greater distance and duration. 

NASA also plans to send robotic probes to explore our solar system, including our Earth’s Moon, the planet Mars, the moons of Jupiter and other outer planets. NASA will also launch new space telescopes to search for planets beyond our solar system.

Here are some future plans for space research: 

• Earth observation This growing field focuses on developing technology to monitor climate, weather, and GPS. 
• Satellite communication Satellite communication will become a more important tool for space exploration and astronomy. It will enable faster and more accurate data collection, allowing us to explore the universe with greater detail and accuracy. 
• International cooperation International cooperation is essential for the future of space exploration. By working together, countries can make space exploration more efficient, cost-effective, and safe. 
• The Artemis program The Artemis program intends to send humanity back to the moon and to specifically land the first woman and the first person of color on the lunar surface. The main goals for this mission are to further scientific discovery of space and to inspire future aviators.

Some future space technologies include: 

• Additive manufacturing This technology can create complex objects by building them up layer by layer. It could revolutionize how space-related hardware and components are produced. 
• Robotics and AI Researchers hope that robots will be able to perform maintenance and repairs on existing space stations while aiding scientists with data collection and analysis. 
• Air breathing propulsion This is a key technological element for a cost-effective futuristic space transportation system. 
• Drilling into regolith NASA is developing technologies to drill into regolith (space word for “soil”) on the Moon, Mars, and asteroids and to convert it into oxygen, drinkable water, other products to support human and plant life, consumables, and fuel sources. 

Other future space technologies include: 

• Small satellites 
• Advanced space manufacturing 
• Advanced communications 
• Space traffic management 
• Smart propulsion 
• Space activity management 
• Space missions 
• Space mining

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