The James Webb Space Telescope (JWST) has set a new record by observing newly forming stars in the Triangulum Galaxy

The JWST also discovered a galaxy that stopped forming stars more than 12.5 billion years ago. This discovery provides new insights into how galaxies evolve over time. 

The JWST’s images have also helped astronomers learn how infant galaxies began forming stars in the early universe. Some early galaxies were filled with gas that was so bright it outshone the stars. 

The JWST was launched in December 2021 and fully switched on in July 2022. In its first year, the JWST has helped scientists learn more about the formation and evolution of the first galaxies.

The James Webb Space Telescope (JWST) has set a new record by observing 793 young stellar objects (YSOs) in the Triangulum Galaxy (M33). The YSOs were found hidden in massive clouds of dust and gas using the telescope’s mid-infrared imager (MIRI)

The JWST is a space telescope designed for infrared astronomy. It has high-resolution and high-sensitivity instruments that allow it to see objects that are too old, distant, or faint for the Hubble Space Telescope. 

The JWST’s findings could provide important clues about the galaxy’s future, such as a merger with the Andromeda Galaxy, or the cessation of star formation.

The targets of JWST’s observations are “young stellar objects” (YSOs) in the Triangulum Galaxy (M33). Astronomers used the telescope’s mid-infrared imager (MIRI) to study one section of one of M33’s spiral arms in the hunt for YSOs. They found 793 of these baby stars, hidden inside massive clouds of gas and dust

Young stellar objects (YSOs) are the parent stars of planetary systems. They are identified by IR-excess emission from their circumstellar material. 

Observing YSOs for variability in different wavelengths can help us understand the evolution and structure of the protoplanetary disks around stars. 

The Spitzer Space Telescope has surveyed massive young stellar objects in the Triangulum Galaxy (M33). A 2022 preprint used machine learning to identify young stellar objects in M33.

Observing young stellar objects (YSOs) for variability in different wavelengths can help us understand the evolution and structure of the protoplanetary disks around stars

Here’s some related information about YSOs and protoplanetary disks: 

• YSO classes YSOs with protoplanetary disks can be classified into different classes based on the spectral energy distribution of the combined system. These classes correspond to different ages of the protostar’s evolution. 
• Disk evolution Disks are observed around YSOs at all evolutionary stages, from the early class 0 stages to the late class III sources. This sequence traces the history of accretion and disk evolution. 
• Resolved images Resolved images, ideally at multiple wavelengths, are required to fully characterize the evolutionary state of any individual YSO. 
• Observations Observations mainly at IR through millimeter wavelengths can determine how common disks are at different ages. These observations can also measure basic properties including mass, size, structure, and composition.

Yes, observing young stellar objects (YSOs) for variability in different wavelengths can help us understand the evolution and structure of the protoplanetary disks around stars

Here are some details about YSOs and protoplanetary disks: 

• YSOs YSOs can be classified into different classes based on the spectral energy distribution of the combined system. These classes correspond to different ages of the protostar’s evolution. 
• Protoplanetary disks These disks are flattened, rotating disks of cool dust and gas that extend for tens to hundreds of astronomical units. They are found around almost all low-mass stars shortly after their birth. These disks generally persist for several million years. 
• Centimeter bands Observations of YSOs in centimeter bands can probe the continuum emission from growing dust grains, ionized winds, and magnetospheric activity. 
• Blue bands Observations in the bluer regions of the visible spectrum are key to investigating YSO variability. In classical T Tauri stars (CTTSs), blue-band fluxes rise more during accretion events.

YSOs are pre-main sequence stars. Protoplanetary disks surround many pre-main-sequence stars, but how these systems evolve into planetary systems is a fundamental question in astronomy

YSO brightness variability is a common phenomenon that can be caused by changes in various factors, including: 

• Accretion 
• Extinction 
• Disk morphology 
• Interactions between the disk and the stellar photosphere 
• The rotation of hot or cold magnetic spots on the stellar photosphere 

Observations in the bluer regions of the visible spectrum are key to investigating YSO variability. In classical T Tauri stars (CTTSs), blue-band fluxes rise more during accretion events. 

Numerous photometric variability surveys have been conducted in the past aiming to address the study of YSO variability in optical and near-infrared filters.

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