The seventh state of matter is fur

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According to Brainly.in, the seventh state of matter is Fermionic Condensate

Fermionic condensate is a superfluid phase made of fermionic particles at low temperatures. It’s similar to a Bose-Einstein condensate, but it’s made of fermions, which are particles that follow the laws of quantum mechanics. 

There are seven states of matter, but only three of them are commonly observed in everyday life: 

  • Solids: Can be soft like fur or silk, or rock hard 
  • Liquids: Have a definite volume but no definite shape 
  • Gases 

The other four states of matter are: 

  • Ionized plasmas 
  • Bose-Einstein condensate 
  • Quark-Gluon plasma 

These states of matter only exist under very specific conditions, such as very low temperatures and with specific types of atoms and particles

When the proper conditions are achieved, even multiple fermions, which normally cannot occupy the same quantum state, can reach a state known as a Fermionic condensate, where they all achieve the lowest-energy configuration possible. This is the seventh state of matter

A fermionic condensate is a superfluid phase that forms at low temperatures from fermionic particles. It is a non-classical state of matter that is closely related to the Bose-Einstein condensate

A superfluid has properties similar to ordinary liquids and gases, such as the ability to flow in response to applied forces and the lack of a definite shape. 

Fermionic condensates are formed using fermions, while Bose-Einstein condensates are formed using bosons. Bosons are fundamental particles with spin in integer values, while fermions have spin in odd half integer values. 

The first atomic fermionic condensate was created in 2003 by physicist Deborah Jin’s laboratory

The only difference is that Bose-Einstein condensates are made up of bosons, and are social with each other (in groups, or clumps). Fermi condensates are anti-social (they don’t attract each other at all). This has to be done artificially. This state of matter was made in December 2003 by Deborah Jin and her group.

The main difference between a Bose-Einstein condensate (BEC) and a fermionic condensate (FC) is the type of particles that make up the condensate. BECs are made up of bosons, which obey Bose-Einstein statistics, while FCs are made up of fermions, which obey Fermi-Dirac statistics

Here are some other differences between BECs and FCs: 

  • Superfluidity: BECs are superfluid, meaning they can flow without resistance. 
  • Coherence: BECs are coherent, meaning all the particles in the BEC behave in a coordinated manner. 
  • Entropy: BECs have a very low entropy, making them highly ordered. 
  • Social behavior: BECs are social with each other, meaning they clump together. 
  • Energy state: A large fraction of BEC particles occupy the same energy state, namely the lowest. 

Both BECs and FCs are quantum states of matter that occur at extremely low temperatures. They have unique properties and have opened up new avenues of research in the field of quantum mechanics and condensed matter physics

Yes, helium can form a Bose-Einstein condensate

When helium is cooled to extremely low temperatures, it undergoes a phase transition and becomes a Bose-Einstein condensate. In this state, a large fraction of the atoms occupy the same quantum state. This results in unique properties such as superfluidity, where the helium can flow without friction. 

Bose-Einstein condensation begins at 2.2 K in liquid helium. As the temperature is lowered, more atoms fall into this lowest state. 

Liquid helium is the prototypical example of a superfluid. A superfluid is a liquid that flows without viscosity and transfers heat without a temperature gradient.

A fermionic condensate is a superfluid phase that forms at low temperatures from fermionic particles. It is closely related to the Bose–Einstein condensate, which is a superfluid phase formed by bosonic atoms under similar conditions

The first atomic fermionic condensate was created in 2003 by a team led by Deborah S. Jin using potassium-40 atoms at the University of Colorado Boulder. The team created this state of matter by cooling a cloud of potassium-40 atoms to less than a millionth°C over absolute zero. 

A fermion can be an elementary particle, such as the electron, or it can be a composite particle, such as the proton. For atoms, that means that there is an isotope dependence on whether an atom will behave as a Boson or a Fermion. For example, helium-4 is a Boson, but Helium-3 is a Fermion.

Fermionic condensates are created at temperatures below 50 nanokelvin. In a typical experiment, a million atoms can be produced at temperatures around 100 nanokelvin

To create a fermionic condensate, you need to apply a time-varying magnetic field to the fermionic atoms. The magnetic field changes over time, forcing the fermionic atoms to bond in bosonic molecules. 

Examples of fermionic condensates include: 

  • The superfluid phase of helium-3 
  • The condensation of fermionic atoms in experiments with ultracold gases

Fermionic condensates have properties similar to ordinary liquids and gases, such as the ability to flow in response to applied forces and the lack of a definite shape. However, superfluids also have some properties that ordinary substances don’t have

Fermionic condensates are also used to characterize the state of electrons in a superconductor. 

Fermionic condensates are created at lower temperatures than Bose–Einstein condensates. It’s also more difficult to produce a fermionic superfluid than a bosonic one. This is because the Pauli exclusion principle prevents fermions from occupying the same quantum state

Fermionic condensates have applications in studying the crossover between conventional superfluidity and the superfluidity of molecules. This crossover may be relevant to high-temperature superconductivity

Fermionic condensates have also led to insights into the behavior of matter at extremely low temperatures. 

Superconductivity is another related phenomenon. In superconductivity, paired electrons can flow with zero viscosity. Superconductivity may be a cheaper and cleaner source of electricity

(Full article source google)

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2 thoughts on “The seventh state of matter is fur

  1. Satyam,

    Your blog post on the seventh state of matter, Fermionic Condensate, is a fascinating read. You’ve done a commendable job explaining this complex topic in a way that’s both informative and engaging. The comparison between Fermionic Condensates and Bose-Einstein Condensates is particularly enlightening, highlighting the unique characteristics and behaviors of fermions and bosons. Your reference to the groundbreaking work of Deborah Jin in creating the first atomic fermionic condensate brings a human touch to this scientific achievement. Additionally, your exploration of the practical applications of Fermionic Condensates, such as their role in understanding high-temperature superconductivity, adds depth to your discussion. It’s impressive how you’ve distilled such an intricate subject into an accessible and captivating blog post. Keep sharing such intriguing insights into the world of quantum mechanics! Mike

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