According to phys.org, dark matter mini-halos scattered throughout the cosmos could be used as sensitive probes of primordial magnetic fields. 

Dark matter is a glue that holds the universe together and seeded the development of galaxies. Dark matter particles originate from the early universe and have been interacting with the thermal bath before decoupling from it. The particles that have survived until now are the relics that we observe today. 

Dark matter makes up about 27% of the universe, while dark energy makes up about 68%. The rest of the universe, including everything on Earth and all normal matter, makes up less than 5%.

According to a theoretical study published in Physical Review Letters, dark matter mini-halos could be used as sensitive probes of primordial magnetic fields. The study was conducted by the International School of Advanced Studies (SISSA) in Trieste, Italy. 

The findings suggest that magnetic fields and dark matter interact indirectly through gravity. If detected, the mini-halos could provide evidence that magnetic fields are primordial and were created during the early universe. 

Magnetic fields are found everywhere, from planets and stars to galaxies and galaxy clusters. However, the origin of these fields is still unknown. 

Dark matter mini-halos are small halos that are thought to have been common in the early universe. The term “mini-halo” refers to a small halo, and it is thought that in the early universe, they were common before gravity caused halos to combine into larger halos

The discovery of dark matter mini-halos could have several implications: 

• Primordial magnetic fields If detected, dark matter mini-halos could support the hypothesis that magnetic fields formed very early in the universe, even within one second after the Big Bang. 
• Dark matter properties The discovery of low-mass halos could transform our understanding of dark matter properties and the physics of the early universe. 
• Dark matter nature The discovery of dark matter mini-halos could revolutionize our understanding of the nature of dark matter. 
• Dark matter role in the universe Dark matter plays a crucial role in the evolution and fate of the universe. It makes up a significant portion of the total mass in the universe, and its gravitational pull helps hold galaxies and galaxy clusters together. 

Dark matter is extremely hard to spot because it doesn’t interact with the electromagnetic force. Researchers have only been able to infer the existence of dark matter from the gravitational effect it seems to have on visible matter.

The ultimate effect of this process is the formation of mini-halos of dark matter, which, if detected would hint towards a primordial nature of magnetic fields. Thus, in an apparent paradox, the invisible part of our Universe could be useful in resolving the nature of a component of the visible one

The study suggests that primordial magnetic fields could lead to an increase in dark matter density perturbations on smaller scales. This process could result in the formation of mini-halos of dark matter. 

Physical Review Letters is a peer-reviewed scientific journal published 52 times per year by the American Physical Society

Dark matter is not visible, but scientists can detect its presence through its gravitational effects. Dark matter interacts with gravity, so astronomers can detect its influence on stars and galaxies

Scientists can also detect dark matter indirectly through: 

• Gravitational lensing Observing how dark matter’s gravity bends and distorts light from more-distant objects. 
• Signatures in cosmic rays and gamma rays Researchers can detect dark matter indirectly through specific signatures in cosmic rays and gamma rays. 
• X-ray distribution Measuring the distribution of X-rays from the hot gas near the center of a galaxy cluster. 

Scientists can also attempt to make dark matter in accelerators. The Compact Muon Solenoid (CMS) and A Toroidal LHC Apparatus (ATLAS) are two such experiments run by CERN

Direct detection of dark matter is the science of measuring dark matter collisions in experiments on Earth

Direct detection experiments assume that dark matter is made up of weakly interacting massive particles. These particles interact weakly with normal matter, but it’s theoretically possible to measure the interaction if a sensitive enough target material is used. 

Researchers use large, sensitive detectors located deep underground to directly search for the dark matter particles that may continually pass through the Earth. 

One example of a direct detection experiment is DAMA/LIBRA, which uses a matrix of NaI(Tl) scintillation detectors to detect dark matter particles in the galactic halo

Dark matter is often categorized into three types: cold, hot, and warm

Here’s some information about these types: 

• Cold dark matter: Doesn’t move around and is cold. 
• Hot dark matter: Moves around, probably at light speed, and is hot because it has energy. 
• Warm dark matter: A middle ground between cold and hot dark matter. 

Dark matter can also be categorized into two broad categories: baryonic and non-baryonic. Non-baryonic dark matter is further divided into hot dark matter (HDM) and cold dark matter (CDM). HDM requires a particle with near-zero mass, such as neutrinos, axions, or supersymmetric particles. 

Dark matter could also be made up of ordinary matter, called baryonic matter. This type of dark matter could be made up of massive compact halo objects (MACHOs), such as black holes, white dwarfs, and brown dwarfs.

Here are some new theories about dark matter: 

• HYPER A new candidate for dark matter, which stands for “HighlY Interactive ParticlE Relics”. 
• Self-interacting dark matter (SIDM) A theory that suggests dark matter particles interact with each other through a dark force, colliding with one another near the center of a galaxy. 
• Dark electromagnetism A theory that suggests there’s a subatomic particle called a dark photon that sometimes interacts with regular photons. 

Dark matter is called dark matter because we can’t see or touch it. However, we can see its effects on galaxies and clusters of galaxies. Without dark matter, galaxies wouldn’t have enough mass to stay together.

Dark matter is believed to surround galaxies in halos and is responsible for the structure and dynamics of galaxies. Dark matter makes up the majority of the mass of galaxies and galaxy clusters and is responsible for how galaxies are organized on large scales. 

Dark matter is a mysterious, invisible substance that makes up the bulk of a galaxy. It is believed that about 95% of the Milky Way is composed of dark matter. 

Dark matter is a hypothetical form of matter that appears not to interact with light or the electromagnetic field. It is composed of particles that do not absorb, reflect, or emit light, so they cannot be detected by observing electromagnetic radiation. 

Dark matter is thought to tie galaxies together throughout the universe. The gravitational pull exerted by dark matter is thought to be the reason why galaxies can form and hold together. Without dark matter, the gravity of visible matter would not be enough to overcome the centrifugal force of their rotation

Dark matter affects everything in existence, including humans. Without dark matter, the solar system and the Milky Way galaxy would drift apart. Dark matter keeps the sun in orbit around the Milky Way and the Earth in orbit around the sun. 

Dark matter also affects humans in other ways: 

• If your body turned into dark matter Your cells, organs, and body would stop holding together. The nuclear and electromagnetic forces that hold your nuclei and protons together would vanish. The electromagnetic forces that keep atoms and molecules together would disappear. 
• If you were made of dark matter You would cease to exist as you know it, but gain the ability to move through any space. 
• Dark matter passing through your body Every second, about 2.5 × 10-16 kilograms of dark matter passes through your body. 

Dark matter is also thought to be crucial for all aspects of life and reality as we know them.

Your cells, organs, and entire body would stop holding together due to the loss of the nuclear and electromagnetic forces that hold your nuclei and protons together as well as the electromagnetic forces that keep atoms and molecules together.

The study, titled “Dark Matter Minihalos from Primordial Magnetic Fields”, suggests that if magnetic fields are primordial, they can cause an increase in dark matter density perturbations on small scales. 

According to the study, the mini-halos of dark matter scattered throughout the Cosmos could function as highly sensitive probes of primordial magnetic fields. If detected, these mini-halos could serve as indicators of the primordial nature of magnetic fields.

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