The SETI Ellipsoid technique is a strategy for prioritizing technosignature observations, based on the assumption that extraterrestrial civilizations who have observed a galactic-scale event—such as supernova 1987A—may use it as a Schelling point to broadcast synchronized signals indicating their presence. This method can potentially leverage continuous, wide-field sky events and improve our ability to detect potential alien signals. 

The SETI Ellipsoid is an egg-shaped area of the cosmos where intelligent civilizations would likely have had enough time to witness an astronomical event. It works off the assumption that any potential extraterrestrial civilizations that may have witnessed such galactic-scale events may use them as a cosmic Schelling point. A Schelling point is a solution chosen by parties under conditions where they can’t otherwise communicate. In this case, the extraterrestrial civilization would use the astronomical event as a Schelling point to broadcast synchronized signals through space to indicate their presence. 

The SETI Ellipsoid technique can be applied retroactively to look for signals in archival data, as well as propagated forward in time to select targets and schedule monitoring campaigns. In February 2023, astronomers reported, after scanning 820 stars, the detection of 8 possible technosignatures for follow-up studies. 

The SETI Ellipsoid technique is a novel and promising approach for searching for extraterrestrial intelligence. It is based on a sound theoretical foundation and has the potential to significantly improve our ability to detect potential alien signals.

The newly-proposed technique, the SETI Ellipsoid, is a strategy for technosignature candidate selection that assumes that extraterrestrial civilizations who have observed a galactic-scale event — such as supernova SN 1987A — may use it as a point to broadcast synchronized signals indicating their presence.

The SETI Ellipsoid is a strategy for selecting potential technosignature candidates. It is a strategic approach that assumes extraterrestrial civilizations may use a galactic-scale event to broadcast synchronized signals to indicate their presence. 

The SETI Ellipsoid is an ellipse in space with Earth at one focus and the supernova 1987A at the other. Stars on the perimeter of the ellipsoid will have seen the supernova and any alien signals may be synchronized with it. 

The SETI Ellipsoid allows for the strategic selection of potential technosignature candidates by leveraging continuous, wide-field sky surveys. The approach also compensates for the timing uncertainties associated with the arrival of such signals, which can span up to a year. 

Technosignatures are any measurable property or effect that provides scientific evidence of past or present technology. Technosignatures include radiation leakage from megascale astroengineering installations, light from an extraterrestrial ecumenopolis, or Shkadov thrusters. 

Here are some advantages of the SETI Ellipsoid:

• Identify nearby stars The SETI Ellipsoid framework helps identify nearby stars for SETI monitoring. This is important for exploring all possible types of technosignatures. 
• Use Gaia’s data The SETI Ellipsoid method can be used in conjunction with Gaia’s distance measurements to create a robust and adaptable framework for future SETI searches. 
• Analyze archival data The SETI Ellipsoid technique can be used to analyze large archival databases. This provides a shortcut to the most promising parts of the search for extraterrestrial civilizations. 
• Use wide-field sky surveys The SETI Ellipsoid approach takes advantage of continuous, wide-field sky surveys. 
• Select targets The SETI Ellipsoid method can be used to proactively select targets for SETI searches. 
• Schedule monitoring campaigns The SETI Ellipsoid method can be used to schedule future monitoring campaigns. 

The SETI Ellipsoid strategy uses observations that span up to a year to compensate for uncertainties in the estimated time-of-arrival of signals

There isn’t much info about the weakest signals that the SETI Ellipsoid can detect right now, but here’s some related information about technosignatures. 

Hypertelescopes can detect various types of technosignatures. These include: 

• Radiation leakage from megascale astroengineering installations 
• Light from an extraterrestrial ecumenopolis 
• Shkadov thrusters with the power to alter the orbits of stars around the Galactic Center Radio telescopes can detect intense, brief flashes of radiation called fast radio bursts (FRBs). FRBs are invisible to the naked eye but can be detected by radio telescopes. 

In the search for extraterrestrial intelligence (SETI), we can’t simply point our telescopes out to the cosmos and hope to stumble across an alien civilisation. We need to know exactly what we’re looking for. The good news is that just as astrobiologists have a catalogue of tell-tale signs of life on other planets called biosignatures, SETI researchers have their own list of things that would indicate the existence of intelligent life beyond Earth. These are known as “technosignatures

Dyson spheres

Around the same time as astronomers began scouring stars for radio signals, the physicist Freeman Dyson suggested another potential technosignature. Dyson reasoned that to satisfy its ever-increasing energy needs, an advanced alien civilisation would build an enormous solar power plant around its host star. This would heat up and generate an infrared glow in excess of what you would expect from an unadorned star – a glow that we could see from Earth.

These hypothetical megastructures are now known as Dyson spheres. Searching for them remains a minority sport, but some researchers have recently begun to step up the hunt by figuring out how to distinguish a genuine Dyson sphere from a star shrouded in dust

Particle colliders

If intelligent aliens are, like us, curious about the fundamental forces of nature, they might have built a particle collider that makes our Large Hadron Collider look puny. An accelerator powered by a black hole, for instance, would produce super-high-energy neutrinos, particles that could be detected from Earth

In a paper published in the Astronomical Journal, a team of researchers from the SETI Institute, Berkeley SETI Research Center and the University of Washington reported an exciting development for the field of astrophysics and the search for extraterrestrial intelligence (SETI), using observations from the Transiting Exoplanet Survey Satellite (TESS) mission to monitor the SETI Ellipsoid, a method for identifying potential signals from advanced civilizations in the cosmos. The SETI Ellipsoid is a strategic approach for selecting potential technosignature candidates based on the hypothesis that extraterrestrial civilizations, upon observing significant galactic events such as supernova 1987A, might use these occurrences as a focal point to emit synchronized signals to announce their presence.

In this work, researchers show that the SETI Ellipsoid method can leverage continuous, wide-field sky surveys, significantly enhancing our ability to detect these potential signals. By compensating for the uncertainties in the estimated time-of-arrival of such signals using observations that span up to a year, the team implements the SETI Ellipsoid strategy in an innovative way using state-of-the-arc technology.

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