The idea of using Earth-based ventures to support off-world adventures is not new. For example, in 2015, SpaceX founder Elon Musk said that profits from Starlink would be used to fund a city on Mars

Income from ventures could be split between investors and the Mars Society. The Mars Society would then use the funds to support a Mars Technology Institute. 

If future explorers establish communities on Mars, how will they pay their way? One possibility is Martian deuterium, which could be sent back to Earth for fusion fuel

The concept of using earthly ventures to support off-Earth adventures is by no means new. Back in 2015, when SpaceX founder Elon Musk was recruiting engineers for the Starlink satellite internet network, he said the profits from Starlink would go toward funding a city on Mars

In 2015, Elon Musk, the founder of SpaceX, said that the profits from Starlink would go toward funding a city on Mars. The concept of using earthly ventures to support off-Earth adventures is not new. 

Starlink is a high-speed internet service that uses radio signals to transmit data through space. It offers three internet packages: 

• Starlink Internet For residential use, this package costs $110 per month plus a one-time charge of $599 for hardware. 
• Starlink Business This package offers twice the antenna capability of the residential package, along with faster internet speeds. It costs $500 per month plus a one-time equipment charge of $2,500

In 2015, Elon Musk, the founder of SpaceX, said that the profits from Starlink would go toward funding a city on Mars. Musk has said that Starlink could generate billions of dollars in revenue, which could be used to fund the development of a city on Mars

Musk has also said that he wants to use SpaceX’s under-development Starship rocket to send humans and cargo to Mars as soon as possible

SpaceX’s goals for Mars include:

• Colonization SpaceX’s goal is to colonize Mars to ensure the long-term survival of the human species. SpaceX’s CEO, Elon Musk, has a vision of establishing a self-sustaining colony on Mars that can support one million people. 
• Space technology SpaceX’s goals include revolutionizing space technology, making space exploration more affordable, and lowering the cost of space travel. 
• Multi-planetary SpaceX’s mission is about safeguarding the future of humanity by making life multi-planetary. 
• reusable Starship SpaceX’s Starship rocket is expected to be reusable, which could reduce launch costs and expand space access. 
• converts water and CO2 SpaceX’s early plans involve sending unmanned ships to the surface of Mars, then sending people after that. Once these first missions land, they’d work to convert water and CO2 from the Mars surface into the liquid oxygen and methane fuel that powers the Starship. 

Tenets. As early as 2007, Elon Musk stated a personal goal of eventually enabling human exploration and settlement of Mars, although his personal public interest in Mars goes back at least to 2001 at the Mars Society. SpaceX has stated its goal is to colonize Mars to ensure the long-term survival of the human species.

In a new book titled “The New World on Mars,” Robert Zubrin — the president of the Mars Society and a tireless advocate for space settlement — says Mars’ most valuable product will be inventions

We’re talking about creating a new and potentially extremely inventive branch of human civilization, which will benefit humanity as a whole enormously,” he says in the latest episode of the Fiction Science podcast. “But moreover, we’ll play from that strength to make money

Zubrin isn’t waiting until humans step foot on Mars to get started.

“We are in the process of drawing up business plans for two major initiatives — one in the artificial intelligence area and the other in the synthetic food production area,” he says. “And the idea is, fairly soon we’re going to be presenting these business plans to investors, with the idea of starting companies devoted to these two different technological ideas that we have put together.”

Zubrin says it’s too early to reveal exactly what these companies would do, but he claims the ventures have the potential to become extremely profitable. The AI concept could be “a billion-dollar idea,” he says.

According to Cosmic Log, one possibility for future explorers paying their way on Mars is Martian deuterium, which could be sent back to Earth for fusion fuel.

According to NSS, deuterium is five times more common on Mars than on Earth, and tens of thousands of times more common than on the Moon. 

According to BBC Earth, funding for Mars exploration could come from governments, private enterprise, and crowdfunding. 

NASA’s Mars Oxygen In-Situ Resource Utilization Experiment (MOXIE) is helping NASA prepare for human exploration of Mars. MOXIE will test a way for future explorers to produce oxygen from the Martian atmosphere for burning fuel and breathing. 

To establish a sustainable colony on Mars, humans will need to use the planet’s resources efficiently. This includes using the Martian water, regolith, and atmosphere to generate oxygen, water, and building materials. 

Here are some other considerations for establishing a sustainable colony on Mars:

• Terraforming Mars is an inhospitable environment due to its low surface temperatures, lack of water, and thin atmosphere. Terraforming Mars has been suggested as a potential solution. 
• Cost-effectiveness To colonize Mars, costs should be reduced by a factor of 50,006. This means that in-place resources must be used to maximize cost-effectiveness. 
• Shelter An astronaut’s primary shelter on Mars could be a fixed habitat on the surface or a mobile habitat on wheels. In either form, the habitat must provide the same amenities as a home on Earth. 
• Radiation shielding Martian rock could be used to bury the habitats to help shield occupants from radiation. 

According to a 2020 research paper, a self-sustaining Mars colony could require 110 people. However, other studies have suggested that a Mars colony could be built and sustained with as few as 22 astronauts

According to a Quora user, it’s theoretically possible to create a sustainable food system on Mars, but it would be a significant challenge. Mars’ harsh conditions, including its thin atmosphere, extreme temperature fluctuations, and lack of a protective magnetic field, make it difficult to grow crops and sustain life

A Mars colony would need to be nearly resource independent from the start. This would require mining, extracting, cultivating, and refining all raw materials needed to sustain a technologically advanced civilization. 

However, a Mars colony would likely be dependent on Earth for technology and information for growth. For example, new ways of farming on Mars or developing infrastructure would require research done on Earth. 

According to a Quora user, Mars cannot remain dependent on Earth because of the extreme separation in space. 

According to NCBI, any permanent outpost would be expected to develop an independent governing system. However, the nature of this system is debatable. 

According to Law on Mars, no nation could declare any region of Mars land to be its own sovereign territory or property. For practice, political, and even possibly financial reasons, this sort of colonization would therefore likely occur by means of cooperation between several spacefaring nations

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