NASA Is Paying SpaceX to Look Into the Idea. NASA has given the go-ahead for SpaceX to work out a plan to adapt its Starlink broadband internet satellites for use in a Martian communication network

Mars?

Pfandzelter and Bermbach concluded that a constellation of 81 low-orbit satellites around Mars would be good enough for planetwide coverage. They would provide a local communications system that would be an extension of Earth’s internet

The idea is one of a dozen proposals that have won NASA funding for concept studies that could end up supporting the space agency’s strategy for bringing samples from Mars back to Earth for lab analysis. The proposals were submitted by nine companies — also including Blue Origin, Lockheed Martin, United Launch Alliance, Astrobotic, Firefly Aerospace, Impulse Space, Albedo Space and Redwire Space.

Once we take people to Mars, they are going to need a capability to communicate,” she said. “In fact, I think it will be even more critical to have a constellation like Starlink around Mars. And then, of course, you need to connect the two planets as well — so, we need to make sure we have robust telecom between Mars and back in Earth.”

Here are the other companies on NASA’s list, and the subjects of their studies:

• Albedo Space: How to adapt an imaging satellite originally meant for low Earth orbit to provide Mars surface imaging.
• Astrobotic Technology: How to modify a lunar-exploration spacecraft for large payload delivery and hosting services. Also, how to modify a lunar-exploration spacecraft for Mars surface imaging.
• Firefly Aerospace: How to adapt a lunar-exploration spacecraft for small payload delivery and hosting services.
• Impulse Space: How to adapt its Helios space tug to provide small payload delivery and hosting for Mars missions.
• Lockheed Martin: How to adapt a lunar-exploration spacecraft for small payload delivery and hosting. Also, how to provide communication relay services for Mars with a spacecraft originally meant for use in the vicinity of Earth and the moon.
• Redwire Space: How to modify a commercial imaging spacecraft originally meant for low Earth orbit to provide Mars surface-imaging services.
• United Launch Alliance (through United Launch Services): How to modify an Earth-vicinity cryogenic upper stage to provide large payload delivery and hosting services

we use phones on Mars?

But on Mars there are no towers for cell phones. A cell phone would search for towers around but will not find any. It would display “no net found” and not transmit anything. Therefore no transmitter signal could be detected from Earth, even with a very sensisitive receiver

Why starlink on mars

They should do since they’re serious about mounting an expedition to Mars that’s successful.

To this end we have looked at a system involving two dozen StarLink style satellites each separated by 15 degrees in a Mars Synchronous orbit. Each satellite is based on a Star Link style up link down link and lasers on board each to communicate on satellie to another satellite.

They are not plain vanilla Star Link off-the-shelf though. They are custom built to provide planet wide wireless broadband along with GPS and live surveillance for the Mars expedition

Deployment of twenty-four small satellites into Mars Synchronous orbit is part of a larger expedition that uses a dozen SpaceX Starship rockets to carry 1440 people to Mars. Another twenty-four Starship rockets adapted to carry propellant in zero boil off tanks so everyone and everything gets back. Another six Starship rockets carrying 100 tonnes of cargo each also accompany the fleet.

• 12 passenger Starship Rockets — 120 each → 1440 people total
• 24 tanker Starship Rockets — 2400 tonnes propellant each 57,600 tonnes total propellant zero boil off
• 6 cargo Starship Rockets — 100 tonnes each → 600 tonnes total

A total of 42 ships leaving Earth.

The twelve passenger rockets refill during the 270 day transit from Earth to Mars and all aerobrake into an elliptical orbit that carries the twelve to Deimos around 6.5 hours after Mars encounter. The twelve then land on Deimos.

This is the story of Starlink

In 2012, Elon Musk saw a problem!

He wanted to establish a city on Mars, but he lacked the necessary funds. After three years of mind mapping, he unveiled the solution to his money problem: STARLINK.

Seriously?

Yeah.

No investor will give money to build a city on Mars. Elon needed to find the money himself. SpaceX was making good money from its cheap and powerful rockets. But it wasn’t enough to build a city on Mars.

Space rocket isn’t a very big market. Elon needed to find a very big market. A trillion-dollar market. He chose the internet market. His idea was to use SpaceX rockets to launch satellites in space and provide internet on Earth.

Right now, providing internet is very expensive and time-taking, internet companies spend hundreds of millions of dollars and many years to lay an undersea cable, to provide internet. Starlink will do this much faster, and much cheaper

Hmm Okay, How Does Starlink Work?

Starlink is designed to provide high-speed, low-latency internet access to areas that are underserved by traditional terrestrial internet providers. The service is currently available in select countries, but SpaceX plans to expand availability to more countries in the coming years.

Starlink has been praised for its potential to provide high-speed internet access to rural and remote areas. However, the service has also been criticized for its environmental impact. A large number of satellites in orbit could pose a risk to other satellites and spacecraft, and the satellites could also contribute to light pollution.

Here are some of the challenges of using Starlink:

• High cost: Starlink is currently very expensive, with a starting price of $600 for the hardware and $49 per month for the subscription.
• Limited availability: Starlink is currently only available in select countries.
• Environmental impact: The large number of Starlink satellites in orbit could pose a risk to other satellites and spacecraft, and the satellites could also contribute to light pollution

So How Does Starlink Deliver Internet From Space?

Starlink delivers internet from space by using a constellation of thousands of satellites in low Earth orbit (LEO). The satellites use radio waves to transmit data to and from ground stations on Earth. When a user signs up for Starlink service, they are provided with a dish that is used to receive the radio waves from the satellites. The dish is then connected to a router, which provides internet access to the user’s devices

When astronauts land on Mars, a couple of decades from now, perhaps, they’ll need to find a way to communicate — with each other, with equipment on and around the planet, and with mission control back on Earth. Despite living so far from home, they’ll no doubt want to connect with loved ones, keep their playlists up-to-date or stream the latest episodes of their favorite shows.

A lot of the communication with Mars is routed through the Mars Relay Network in what NASA describes as “a tightly choreographed dance.” This network of five orbiters around Mars — MRO, TGO, MAVEN, Mars Odyssey and Mars Express — transmits information via antennas pointed toward Earth

Mars doesn’t have internet like Earth because it lacks the network of interconnected computers and servers that communicate through wired or wireless connections. However, there are ways to create an internet on Mars, such as: 

• Mars Relay Network This network is the first link in a communications bridge between Mars and Earth, and is used by many international spacecraft. 
• Satellites A constellation of 81 low-orbit satellites could provide planetwide coverage for a local communications system that extends Earth’s internet. 
• Cell towers or lines A Mars internet could be routed through cell towers or lines laid across the surface of Mars. 
• Lasers Human missions to Mars could use lasers to communicate with Earth, sending large amounts of real-time information, including video feeds and high-definition images.

How is data send from mars to earth

NASA and ESA use orbiting probes to relay data from Mars rovers to Earth. These probes, such as Mars Odyssey and Mars Reconnaissance Orbiter, use antennas to transmit the data to Earth via the Deep Space Network (DSN). The DSN is a network of radio antennas in California, Spain, and Australia that receive and send signals to spacecraft in deep space

Mars rovers can also send data directly to Earth via a High Gain Antenna, but at a lower data rate. For example, NASA uses direct-to-Earth transmissions to send daily instructions to Curiosity via the X-band segment of the radio spectrum. 

The data sent from Mars to Earth can include scientific measurements, images, telemetry, and other mission-related information. It takes about 14 minutes for radio data to travel between Mars and Earth

Generally what happens is that radio signals are sent from the Martian surface to a spacecraft orbiting Mars, which then sends the data to Earth

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