The Egyptians built huge pyramids thousands of years ago, which continue to attract the world even today. Along with this, their construction is also a surprise for the people. It is difficult to imagine how these would have been constructed before the advent of heavy machinery.

highlights
The technology of construction of Egyptian pyramids revealed
Egyptians used hydraulic technology
Big claim made on Egyptian pyramids in new study

Cairo: The huge pyramids present in the Egyptian desert remain a wonder for people even after thousands of years of their construction. Even today it is difficult to believe that these huge pyramids would have been built 4700 years ago? How would the huge stones used in it have been transported to the top of the pyramid long before the advent of machinery like bulldozers and cranes? Now researchers have claimed to have found solutions to these questions. The ancient Egyptians may have used an advanced hydraulic system to build the world’s first pyramids, a new study says.

पानी से चलने वाला हाइड्रोलिक

शोध को बीती 24 जुलाई को रिसर्चगेट पर पोस्ट किया गया है। हालांकि यह अभी किसी समीक्षा पत्रिका में प्रकाशित नहीं हुआ है। इसमें कहा गया है कि जोसर के पिरामिड के रूप में जाना जाने वाला छह-स्तरीय पिरामिड लगभग 4,700 साल पहले उत्तरी मिस्र के एक पुरातात्विक स्थल साक्कारा पठार पर बनाया गया था। यह पिरामिट नील नदी की एक बहुत पुरानी शाखा के पास मौजूद है। शोधकर्ताओं का मानना है कि प्राचीन मिस्रवासियों ने 204 फुट ऊंचा पिरामिड के निर्माण के लिए जल स्रोत का इस्तेमाल किया था, जिसमें एक बांध, एक वाटर ट्रीटमेंट प्लांट और हाइड्रोलिक फ्रेट एलिवेटर शामिल था। ये सभी नदी से संचालित थे।

water powered hydraulic
The research was posted on ResearchGate on July 24. However, it has not yet been published in any review journal. It says the six-tiered pyramid known as the Pyramid of Djoser was built about 4,700 years ago on the Saqqara Plateau, an archaeological site in northern Egypt. This pyramid is present near a very old branch of the Nile River. Researchers believe the ancient Egyptians used a water source to build the 204-foot-tall pyramid, which included a dam, a water treatment plant and a hydraulic freight elevator. All of these were powered by the river.

Big claim on construction of pyramid
Xavier Landreau, CEO of the Palaeotechnics Institute, an important research center in France, and author of the research, told Live Science that this is an important discovery. He claimed that this research can completely change the current belief regarding pyramid construction. Before this study, there was no real consensus about how it was produced.

4700 साल पहले की इंजिनियरिंग 

शोध के अनुसार, जल-संचालित प्रणाली को काम करने के लिए, पानी नील नदी से बांध तक बहता होगा। जो लगभग 2 किलोमीटर) लंबा होता और जिसकी 15 मीटर चौड़ी दीवारें पिरामिड के पश्चिम में दो घाटियों के किनारों के बीच स्थित होती रही होंगी। यहां से पानी नीचे की ओर बहकर ‘डीप ट्रेंच’ नामक ट्रीटमेंट प्लांट में चला जाता, जो 400 मीटर लंबी व 27 मीटर गहरी होती और मौजूदा चट्टान को काटती। सुविधा में कई बेसिन होते, जहां तलछट या छोटे कण नीचे की ओर जम जाते, ताकि सिस्टम में कोई रुकावट न आए

engineering 4700 years ago
According to the research, for the water-powered system to work, water would have to flow from the Nile River to the dam. Which would have been about 2 kilometers) long and whose 15 meter wide walls would have been located between the edges of two valleys to the west of the pyramid. From here the water would flow downwards to a treatment plant called ‘Deep Trench’, which would be 400 meters long and 27 meters deep and would cut the existing rock. The facility would have several basins, where sediment or small particles would settle to the bottom, so as not to clog the system

From there, a series of underground pipes would have carried water to a water-powered elevator in a 28-meter tunnel beneath the pyramid. According to the statement, the force of water accumulating in the central well would have been used to float the stones up and down the shaft, carrying the heavy construction material to the workers where they were building the pyramid.

recent study claims that the ancient Egyptians used a complex water management system and hydraulic lift to build the Step Pyramid of Djoser, the world’s first pyramid, around 2680 BCE. The pyramid’s landscape, waterways, and interior architecture all support this theory. The study suggests that the hydraulic lift raised limestone blocks from the pyramid’s center, allowing the monument to be constructed in a “volcano” style. If true, this would move up the introduction of major hydraulic systems by about 4,500 years

Separately, scientists have also discovered a 64-kilometer-long, now-buried branch of the Nile River called Ahramat, which once flowed alongside over 30 pyramids. The river likely played a key role in transporting workers and building materials to the pyramid sites. The discovery could help explain how the ancient Egyptians moved the massive stone blocks needed for construction

Because the pyramid sits near a long-gone branch of the Nile River, researchers hypothesize that the ancient Egyptians utilized the water source to build the 204-foot-tall (62 m) pyramid by designing a “modern hydraulic system” comprising a dam, a water treatment plant and a hydraulic freight elevator, all of which 

Ancient Egyptians are famous for their pioneering and mastery of hydraulics through canals for irrigation purposes and barges to transport huge stones,’ the team explained. 

‘This work opens a new line of research – the use of hydraulic force to erect the massive structures built by Pharaohs.’ 

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