Science News: Scientists have recently reported that an object 3400 times heavier than the Sun is floating near the Earth, which was till now beyond the sight of us humans, but now after finding it, some more new secrets are expected to be revealed.

New Research on Cloud: There are countless things in the universe about which humans probably do not know anything yet. However, science is discovering something new every day. Recently, another surprising revelation has been made. Scientists have discovered a mysterious cloud very close to the ground. It is being said that this cloud was hidden from our eyes till now.

According to the report, our Sun is present in a very large area, which is called ‘Local Bubble’. This newly discovered gaseous cloud, named ‘Eos’, is present on the edge of this local bubble. Eos is a ‘molecular cloud’ i.e. a cloud of gas containing molecules. Such clouds are found throughout the universe and many of them are also in our Milky Way Galaxy. It is mainly made up of hydrogen gas and dust

Heavy than sun 3400 times

On 27 April 2025, scientists publicly announced the discovery of this cloud. They also said that Eos is just 300 light years away from Earth, making it the first such cloud seen near our solar system. It is also very large in size and is about 3400 times heavier than the Sun. If we were able to see it from Earth, it would look as big as 40 full moons in the sky

After 60 lakh years it will be destroyed

The report said that Eos is shaped like a half moon and is floating on the border of the local bubble. However, this cloud will not remain forever and will slowly disappear in the next 60 lakh years. Scientists used a special instrument (FIMS-SPEAR) installed on Korea’s satellite STSAT-1, which can see hydrogen molecules in ultraviolet light. This is the first time a gaseous cloud has been discovered by looking directly in ultraviolet light.

How stars are formed it will be discovered

Scientists say that we now have a chance to know how stars and planets are formed, because such clouds contain the same raw material from which new stars and planets are formed.

This is a very recent and exciting discovery in astronomy.
The Eos Molecular Cloud:

• Discovery: The Eos molecular cloud was just discovered in 2025 by an international team of astronomers. The findings were published in the journal Nature Astronomy in late April 2025.
• Location: It’s surprisingly close to our solar system, located about 300 light-years away. It resides on the edge of the Local Bubble, a large, hot cavity in the interstellar medium that contains our Sun.
• Size and Mass: Eos is enormous! It’s estimated to be about 100 light-years across and has a mass roughly 3,400 times that of our Sun. If it were visible to the naked eye, it would span about 40 full moons in the sky.
• Composition and Detection: Unlike many molecular clouds that are detected through the presence of carbon monoxide (CO), Eos is “CO-dark,” meaning it has a very low concentration of this molecule. This is why it remained undetected for so long. Astronomers discovered it by detecting the fluorescent glow of molecular hydrogen (H₂) in the far-ultraviolet spectrum, using data from the FIMS-SPEAR instrument on the Korean satellite STSAT-1. This marks the first time a molecular cloud has been discovered through this method.
• Significance: Its proximity offers a unique opportunity to study the properties of molecular clouds, how they form and dissipate, and how they contribute to star and planet formation. Scientists are excited to directly measure the processes occurring within this cloud.
• Shape and Future: Eos has a crescent shape, likely influenced by its interaction with the North Polar Spur, a large region of ionized gas. Current models suggest that Eos will likely evaporate in about 6 million years due to the interaction with photons and cosmic rays.
  Eos and Sagittarius B2:
  It’s important to note that the Eos molecular cloud is a completely separate entity from Sagittarius B2 (Sgr B2).
• Sagittarius B2 is a giant molecular cloud located much closer to the center of our Milky Way galaxy, about 390 light-years from the Galactic Center (which is about 25,000 light-years from Earth). It’s a well-known and intensely studied star-forming region, famous for its complex chemistry and the detection of many interstellar molecules.
  Therefore, when you say “Eos molecular cloud,” you are likely referring to this newly discovered, relatively nearby cloud, and not Sagittarius B2. The discovery of Eos is a significant event in astronomy, providing a new window into the molecular clouds in our galactic neighborhood.

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