This is a very exciting development in the search for potential past life on Mars! Here’s a breakdown of the key findings:

• Discovery of Long Organic Chains:
• Scientists have discovered the longest organic molecules ever found on Mars, consisting of carbon chains up to 12 atoms long.
• These molecules were found in a 3.7 billion-year-old clay sample.
• These organic molecules bear similarities to fatty acids, which on Earth are associated with biological processes.
• Significance:
• The discovery suggests that Mars may have had the chemical complexity necessary to support life in its ancient past.
• The fact that these molecules have been preserved for billions of years indicates that if life ever existed on Mars, evidence of it could still be found.
• It is important to note, that these molecules can be formed through non biological processes as well. So this is not proof of past life, but a very interesting discovery that increases the likelyhood of past life.
• Where it was found:
• The findings were made by NASA’s Curiosity rover in a rock sample from Yellowknife Bay, an ancient Martian lakebed within Gale Crater.
• Implications:
• This discovery provides further evidence that Mars once had a more habitable environment.
• It strengthens the possibility that we may one day find definitive proof of past or even present life on the Red Planet.
  This is a significant step forward in our understanding of Mars and its potential to have harbored life.

A team of international scientists has discovered the longest organic molecules ever found on Mars—carbon chains up to 12 atoms long—in clay that’s been untouched for 3.7 billion years. These molecules bear similarities to biological compounds on Earth, raising hopes about ancient life or life-like chemistry on the Red Planet

Preserved for billions of years in ancient Martian clay, these molecules were uncovered by NASA’s Curiosity rover and could point to a more chemically complex past on the Red Planet.

Longest Organic Molecules Found on Mars

Scientists from CNRS,^[1] along with collaborators in France, the United States, Mexico, and Spain, have detected the longest organic molecules ever identified on Mars. These molecules, carbon chains with up to 12 consecutive carbon atoms, resemble fatty acids, which on Earth are often associated with biological processes

Ancient Martian Clues to Possible Life

Thanks to Mars’ stable geology and cold, dry climate, this organic matter has been preserved in a clay-rich sample for approximately 3.7 billion years, dating back to the era when life first appeared on Earth. The findings were published on March 24, 2025, in the journal PNAS.

Looking Ahead: Missions to Titan and Beyond

Such missions include ESA’s ExoMars rover, set to launch in 2028, and the joint NASA-ESA Mars Sample Return mission planned for the 2030s. Looking even further, the same international team is developing a SAM-like instrument for Dragonfly, a drone that will explore Saturn’s largest moon, Titan, starting in 2034.

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