Subrahmanyan Chandrasekhar was an Indian-born American astrophysicist who won the 1983 Nobel Prize in Physics. He was born on October 19, 1910 in Lahore, which was then part of British India (now in Pakistan). He was one of the first scientists to combine the study of physics with the study of astronomy. 

Chandrasekhar’s contributions to physics include: 

• Formulating the currently accepted theory on the late evolutionary stages of massive stars 
• Developing a theory of white dwarf stars, which postulates a limit of mass (Chandrasekhar’s limit) for such stars 
• Proving that there was an upper limit to the mass of a white dwarf 
• Making a key discovery in the theory of black holes 

Chandrasekhar was on the faculty at Chicago from 1937 until his death in 1995 at the age of 84. He was the Morton D. Hull Distinguished Service Professor of Theoretical Astrophysics. 

Elon Musk named his son after Chandrasekhar

Subrahmanyam Chandrasekhar was an Indian-American theoretical physicist who shared the 1983 Nobel Prize for Physics for theoretical studies of the physical processes of importance to the structure and evolution of the stars.

Chandrasekhar shared the 1983 Nobel Prize in Physics with American physicist William A. Fowler. They were awarded the prize for “theoretical studies of the physical processes of importance to the structure and evolution of the stars”. 

Chandrasekhar was the nephew of Sir Chandrasekhara Venkata Raman, who won the Nobel Prize for Physics in 1930 for his work on the scattering of light. The discovery of the effect was named after him (Raman Effect).

Chandrasekhar is most famous for calculating the Chandrasekhar limit, which is the maximum mass of a white dwarf star. The limit is approximately equal to 1.4 times the mass of our sun. 

Chandrasekhar’s limit is also used in the study of black holes. He discovered that massive stars can collapse under their own gravity to reach enormous or even infinite densities. Today we call these collapsed stars neutron stars and black holes. 

Other contributions of Chandrasekhar include: 

• The theory of Brownian motion 
• The theory of illumination and the polarisation of the sunlit sky 
• The general theory of relativity 
• Relativistic astrophysics 
• The mathematical theory of black holes

Subrahmanyan Chandrasekhar was an astrophysicist and theoretical physicist. He was one of the first scientists to combine the study of physics with the study of astronomy. His contributions spanned astrophysics, physics, and applied mathematics. He also wrote a number of popular books

Sir Chandrasekhara Venkata Raman, or C.V. Raman, was the paternal uncle of Subrahmanyan Chandrasekhar.  C.V. Raman was awarded the Nobel Prize in Physics in 1930 for his discovery of the Raman effect, which is the scattering of light that passes through a material. 

C.V. Raman was born on November 7, 1888 in Tiruchirappalli, Tamil Nadu. His father, Chandrasekhara Ramanathan Iyer, was a lecturer in Mathematics and Physics in a college in Vishakhapatnam.  C.V. Raman had two sons, Chandrasekhar Raman and Venkatraman Radhakrishnan, a radio astronomer. 

Chandrasekhar made the same boat trip to England as his uncle to enroll in Trinity College, Cambridge.

The Chandrasekhar limit is the maximum mass of a stable white dwarf star. Chandrasekhar first calculated this limit in 1930. The currently accepted value of the Chandrasekhar limit is about 1.4 M ☉ (2.765×1030 kg). 

Chandrasekhar demonstrated that a white dwarf star supported solely by a degenerate gas of electrons could not be stable if its mass exceeds 1.44 times that of the Sun. Above that mass, the white dwarf must collapse and become either a neutron star or a black hole. 

Chandrasekhar also calculated that if a star is big enough when its fuel runs out, there is nothing to stop gravity from making its core collapse to create a black hole.

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