If we were to one day send humans actually to Venus itself for science and engineering purposes, then a cloud-based habitat is the way to go. Getting humans onto the Venus surface is going to require so much technology and expense that, for the foreseeable future, I don’t think anyone will think it worth doing

sending humans to Venus for science and engineering purposes would be expensive and require a lot of technology. However, a flyby would be valuable from a scientific perspective. Scientists believe there may be microbial life in the clouds of Venus.  

Venus is a hostile place. It’s a dry planet with no evidence of water. Its surface temperature is hot enough to melt lead, and its atmosphere is so thick that the air pressure on its surface is over 90 times that on Earth. 

Here are some reasons why sending humans to Venus might not be a good idea: Thermal challenges, Cost. 

Here are some reasons why sending humans to Venus might be a good idea: Scientific exploration, Microbial life. 

NASA and the European Space Agency have selected uncrewed missions to Venus. These missions will give us a deeper understanding of Venus’ environment and evolution. 

While there are no imminent plans to send people to Venus, scientists are eager to learn more about Earth’s neighbor, says Campbell, who recently led a team in mapping a large part of Venus’ surface.

The surface temperature on Venus is hot enough to melt lead, and the atmospheric pressure is over 90 times greater than that on Earth, making it impossible for humans to survive without protective gear

A thick, extremely acidic cloud layer enshrouds the rocky planet, trapping so much heat that the surface reaches nearly 900 degrees Fahrenheit. That’s more than hot enough to melt lead. The Venusian atmosphere is so heavy that the pressure on the surface of the planet is more than 90 times that of Earth

It has been speculated that life on Venus may have come to Earth through lithopanspermia, via the ejection of icy bolides that facilitated the preservation of multicellular life on long interplanetary voyages. “Current models indicate that Venus may have been habitable

Interesting facts about Venus

• A day on Venus is longer than a year. … 
• Venus is hotter than Mercury – despite being further away from the Sun. … 
• Unlike the other planets in our solar system, Venus spins clockwise on its axis. … 
• Venus is the second brightest natural object in the night sky after the Moon.

The first successful landing on Venus was by Venera 7 on December 15, 1970 — the first successful soft (non-crash) landing on another planet, as well as the first successful transmission of data from another planet’s surface to Earth.

Why is Venus so special?

In some ways it is more an opposite of Earth than a twin: Venus spins backward, has a day longer than its year, and lacks any semblance of seasons. It might once have been a habitable ocean world, like Earth, but that was at least a billion years ago.

One of the biggest mysteries of Venus’ atmosphere lies in the lowermost or “deep” atmosphere. Typically, planetary atmospheric gases behave like those we study in high-school chemistry – their behavior can be estimated as “ideal gases” and is well understood

Popular science fiction of the early 20th century depicted Venus as some kind of wonderland of pleasantly warm temperatures, forests, swamps and even dinosaurs

The High Altitude Venus Operational Concept (HAVOC) is a NASA study that focuses on crewed missions to Venus. The study focuses on the mission architecture and vehicle concepts for robotic missions and crewed missions. The crewed missions would be conducted from lighter-than-air craft or from orbit. 

The HAVOC study includes: 

• Mission architecture 
• Crewed floating inflatable vehicle concept 
• Robotic missions 
• 30-day crewed missions 
• Helium-filled airships 
• Cloud cities 

The HAVOC study could help inform future studies and concepts.

As of mid-2023, there are at least ten missions planned to explore Venus in the next 20 years. These missions are expected to revolutionize the scientific study of Venus.  

Here are some future missions to Venus: 

• DAVINCI NASA’s Venus flyby and probe mission is scheduled for launch in 2029. The mission is named after Leonardo da Vinci, an Italian Renaissance artist and inventor.

• VERITAS NASA’s Venus orbiter mission is scheduled for launch in 2031. The mission will study Venus and its past. 
• EnVision ESA’s Venus orbiter mission is scheduled for launch in the early 2030s. The mission will study the planet’s history, activity, and climate.

• Venera-D The Science Definition team recommends an orbiter and a lander for this mission. The mission is scheduled for launch in 2026 or 2027. 
• Rocket Lab 
• This privately funded mission is scheduled for launch as soon as the end of 2024.(full article source google)

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