According to Big Think, star clusters give birth like dogs, not humans. This is because a single, high-mass stellar “child” is rare, similar to how dogs produce multiple puppies at a time. 

ALMA observations show how multiple star systems form simultaneously in a molecular cloud. For humans, the chance of giving birth to multiples is less than 2%. 

Star clusters are groups of stars that share an origin, forming at roughly the same time and location. They are tied together by gravity for up to millions or even billions of years. 

Star clusters are formed by the conversion of gas into stars. The large globular clusters found orbiting galaxies may have hundreds of thousands or millions of stars.

For the first time, thanks to ALMA, we’re able to probe how the most massive stars form, and singlets are rare, far outnumbered by multi-star systems. The most massive stars form like puppies, not baby humans

According to Big Think, the most massive stars form like puppies, not baby humans. 

Stars develop in a nebula, similar to human gestation. A gravitational center causes atoms to clump together, adding more mass at faster and faster rates

The process for massive stars is fast and furious, but it still takes tens of thousands of years. 

Here are some other details about the formation of massive stars:

• Rare A single, high-mass stellar “child” is rare. 
• Obscured The various stages of a newly forming star’s life are totally obscured in the optical and can only be seen in the infrared. 
• Radiation They emit so much radiation that it counters gravity, pushing away incoming material. 
• Fragmentation During the expansion, a dense layer of gas and dust is collected around the HII region. Gravitational instabilities in the layer cause it to fragment into dense clumps, which then go on to collapse into new stars. 
• Time-lapse When compared to less-massive stars, the formation of higher-mass stars is like watching a time-lapse movie. 

Like dogs, not humans, a single, high-mass stellar “child” is rare. Three separate regions illustrate various stages of a newly forming star’s life, which are totally obscured in the optical and can only be seen in the infrared. At left, a protostar emits radiation that’s shrouded in light-blocking dust

According to Big Think, a single, high-mass stellar “child” is rare, like dogs, not humans. 

High-mass stars are extremely rare, making up less than 1% of the total stellar population. They are the rarest and shortest-lived stars in any batch of newly formed stars. Only one in about five hundred thousand stars has more than twenty times the mass of the Sun. 

Despite their rarity, these stars are so luminous that they are easily seen at great distances. They make their presence known by dominating the surrounding interstellar medium (ISM) with their powerful stellar winds as well as shocks from their eventual supernovae. 

Most stars form in regions of high-mass star formation, similar to Orion, with a smaller fraction forming in smaller clusters of low-mass.

According to a January 16, 2024 Phys.org article, ALMA observations have shown that double, triple, quadruple, and quintuple star systems can form simultaneously in a molecular cloud. 

The ALMASOP team investigated 72 young and cold cores in the Orion GMCs to explore the origin of multiple-star systems. According to the team, the discovery of these protostellar systems is the best observational evidence to show the imprints of core fragmentation in building multiplicity in high-mass cluster-forming environments. 

Molecular clouds are about 150 light-years across and have an average density of 100 to 300 molecules per cubic centimeter. They contain much of the mass of the interstellar medium and consist mainly of gas and dust but contain many stars as well.

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