Light In Early Universe: In the early days of the universe, there was only darkness. Then how did light originate? In a new research, scientists have claimed to solve this mystery.

How Light Came Into Existence: The beginning of the universe was full of darkness. At last we have come to know how light came into that darkness and formless void. Using data from Hubble and the James Webb Space Telescope (JWST), French researchers discovered that free-flying photons originated in dwarf galaxies. In a study published in February, scientists said these photons cleared the hazy hydrogen fog filling space

This discovery highlights the important role of ultra-dim galaxies in the evolution of the early universe,” said Irina Chemerinska, an astrophysicist at the Institut d’Astrophysique de Paris. They produce ionizing photons that convert neutral hydrogen into ionized plasma during cosmic reionization. This highlights the need to understand low-mass galaxies in shaping the history of the universe.’ Chemerinska’s study was published in the magazine ‘Nature

How did light originate in the universe?

At the beginning of the universe, within minutes of the Big Bang, space was filled with a hot, dense fog of ionized plasma. What little light there was could not penetrate this fog. The photons would simply have been scattered by the free electrons floating around, making the universe essentially dark. As the universe cooled, about three million years later, protons and electrons fused to form neutral hydrogen (also a small amount of helium).

Most wavelengths of light could penetrate this neutral medium, but there was a lack of light sources to produce it. But the first stars were born from this hydrogen and helium. The radiation from those first stars was powerful enough to strip electrons from their nuclei and ionize the gas

However, by then the universe had expanded so much that the gas had spread out and could not stop the light from coming out. About 1 billion years after the Big Bang, the universe was completely reionized. That means the light was on. The period up to about 1 billion years after the Big Bang is called ‘Cosmic Dawn’.

Because there is so much darkness at the cosmic dawn, and it is so dim and distant, we have had trouble seeing what’s out there. JWST was designed to peer into the cosmic dawn. What the telescope observed suggests that dwarf galaxies played an important role in reionization.

Cosmologists can only see light from the hot dense plasma it created. The cosmic microwave background radiation reveals the Universe as it was 400,000 years after the Big Bang. The limit of ordinary light has been reached

Where did light come from in the beginning?

When protons and electrons meet, they form hydrogen, releasing light. This is how the first light in the universe was born, about 380,000 years after the Big Bang. Soon, the universe went through a period of rapid expansion

What is the source of light in the universe?

Within these developed much smaller, denser clouds that gave birth to stars. The light from this first generation of stars, born some 12 to 13 billion years ago, brought the dawn of the modern universe with the birth of countless points of light that dot our night skies

Did light exist at the beginning of the universe?

This was the moment of first light in the universe, between 240,000 and 300,000 years after the Big Bang, known as the Era of Recombination. The first time that photons could rest for a second, attached as electrons to atoms

When we look out at the Universe today, highlighted against the vast, empty blackness of the sky are points of light: stars, galaxies, nebulae and more. Yet there was a time in the distant past before any of those things had formed, just after the Big Bang, where the Universe was still filled with light. If we look in the microwave part of the spectrum, we can find the remnants of this light today in the form of the Cosmic Microwave Background (CMB). But even the CMB is relatively late: we’re seeing its light from 380,000 years after the Big Bang. Light, as far as we know it, existed even before that. After centuries of investigating the origins of the Universe, science has finally uncovered what physically happened to “let there be light” in space.

Let’s take a look at the CMB, first, and where it comes from going way, way back. In 1965, the duo of Arno Penzias and Robert Wilson were working at Bell Labs in Holmdel, New Jersey, trying to calibrate a new antenna for radar communications with overhead satellites. But no matter where they looked in the sky, they kept seeing this noise. It wasn’t correlated with the Sun, any of the stars or planets, or even the plane of the Milky Way. It existed day and night, and it seemed to be the same magnitude in all directions.

After much confusion over what it might be, it was pointed out to them that a team of researchers just 30 miles away in Princeton predicted the existence of such radiation, not as a consequence of anything coming from our planet, solar system or galaxy itself, but originating from a hot, dense state in the early Universe: from the Big Bang.

So where did this light — the first light in the Universe — first come from? It didn’t come from stars, because it predates the stars. It wasn’t emitted by atoms, because it predates the formation of neutral atoms in the Universe. If we continue to extrapolate backwards to higher and higher energies, we find some strange things out: thanks to Einstein’s E = mc², these quanta of light could interact with one another, spontaneously producing particle-antiparticle pairs of matter and antimatter!

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