If the sun were to engulf Earth, the only potential habitable places in the solar system would be in the outer reaches, like the Kuiper Belt, where planets like Pluto and other dwarf planets would be positioned within the new habitable zone, as the Sun expands into a red giant star, making them potentially suitable for human life with the right technology to terraform them

Key points about this scenario: 

Red Giant Sun: 

When the sun reaches its red giant phase, it will significantly expand, pushing the habitable zone further out into the solar system

Icy Worlds: 

Currently icy worlds like Pluto and other Kuiper Belt objects could become habitable due to the increased solar radiation reaching them

Terraforming Needed: 

To live on these distant planets, humans would need to develop advanced technology to terraform them, creating atmospheres and suitable temperatures

Within 4 billion years, the Sun WILL be a red giant, but earth will either be within the corona or completely engulfed. We wouldn’t be able to live here, even underground

Where can humans live in the solar system?

In the outer parts of our solar system, icy worlds such as Jupiter’s moon Europa and Saturn’s moon Enceladus display evidence of subsurface oceans. These places are ocean worlds that may be habitable for some form of life.

Where will humans live when the sun dies?

Hot future: When the Sun evolves into a bloated red giant star, the oceans will boil away and Earth will turn into a lava planet. New home: A billion years from now, inhabitants of Earth may decide to “terraform” Mars and move there in an attempt to escape the searing heat from the Sun.

What will happen when the sun engulfs the earth?

As the star expands, it will temporarily engulf the planet for several thousand years. During this time, extreme temperatures will roast the planet’s surface, but the planet itself should survive because the star’s atmosphere isn’t very dense at this distance.

When the Sun exhausts its store of nuclear fuel, some 5 billion years from now, it will evolve into a bloated red giant, gobbling up Mercury and Venus, and scorching the Earth. After ejecting its outer layers in the form of a colourful planetary nebula, the Sun will then be compressed into a tiny white dwarf star. But much earlier, the Sun’s temperature will gradually rise. Less than a billion years into the future, Earth’s oceans will start to boil away. It’s unlikely that mankind will still be around by then, so it is better to worry about other short-term problems that threaten our planet’s habitability.

Life on Earth is not possible without the light and heat from the Sun. So when the Sun dies, that’s bad news. Luckily for us, it won’t happen until a few billion years from now.

Well the good news is that I can quickly change your “if” to “when”. Within 4 billion years, the Sun WILL be a red giant, but earth will either be within the corona or completely engulfed. We wouldn’t be able to live here, even underground.

By the time this epoch is here, I’m sure humans would already be outside this solar system in under 1 thousand years, for sure (if mankind is left) but for the long-term survival of our species, we’d have to move away from the solar system for when the Sun then goes 💥.

Until recently, these final moments of a doomed planet’s life “had never been observed directly,” said Kishalay De(opens a new tab), an astronomer at the Massachusetts Institute of Technology. But in 2020, De’s team saw a star 12,000 light-years away temporarily become a few hundred times brighter. The flash was too dim to have come from a merger with another star. But it was just the right intensity to have been produced by a planet-size meal, De and his colleagues reported(opens a new tab) in May.

The team surmised that a planet a few times more massive than Jupiter had been caught up as the 10-billion

Can humans live on all planets?

We can’t live normally on other planetsbecause we have evolved perfectly to suit most conditions on this one, over many thousands of years

Therefore, humans can survive on other planets only if they possess essential elements of life.

Various planetary models were used to calculate and compare the habitability of Mars, Venus, Europa, Titan, and Enceladus,” Mendez said. “Interestingly, Enceladus resulted as the object with the highest subsurface habitability in the solar system, but too deep for direct exploration. Mars and Europa resulted as the best compromise between habitability and accessibility. In addition, it is also possible to evaluate the global habitability of any detected terrestrial-sized extrasolar planet in the future. Further studies will expand the habitability definition to include other environmental variables such as light, carbon dioxide, oxygen, and nutrients concentrations. This will help expand the models, especially at local scales, and thus improve its application in assessing habitable zones on Earth and beyond.”

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