The team, led by Liton Majumdarfrom the National Institute of Science Education and Research (NISER) in Odisha, studied a unique triple-star system called GG Tau A, located 489 light-years away from Earth, as mentioned in the latest report by India Today

Aryabhatta was an Indian astronomer and mathematician who first proposed the theory that the Earth revolves around the Sun. He described a geocentric model of the Solar System, where the Sun and Moon revolve around the Earth

Here are some other contributions to Indian astronomy:

• Suryasiddhanta: An astronomical treatise that was translated into Arabic in the eighth century. The translation influenced Islamic scholarship, astronomy, and geography. 
• Jantar Mantar: An astronomical observatory built by Raja Jai Singh. 
• Kodaikanal Solar Observatory: An observatory that has been collecting solar observations since 1899. The observatory’s archives contain over 150,000 solar observations recorded on glass film.

Who discovered solar system first in India?

In India, Aryabhata was the first to propose the theory that the earth revolves around the sun.

A team of Indian astronomers has made a fascinating discovery that could change how we think about how planets are born. The team, led by Liton Majumdar from the National Institute of Science Education and Research (NISER) in Odisha, studied a unique triple-star system called GG Tau A, located 489 light-years away from Earth, as mentioned in the latest report by India Today.

As mentioned by various online sources, GG Tau A is not an average star system. Unlike our Sun, which is a single star, GG Tau A has three stars orbiting each other. This is a rare setup in the universe, and studying it helps scientists understand how planets form in more complicated star systems. The system is young- – only 1 to 5 million years old- – which makes it perfect for studying the early stages of planet formation. ### Protoplanetary Disk

The system features a protoplanetary disk, a swirling ring of gas and dust that surrounds the young stars. This disk is essential for planet formation as it contains the raw materials that will eventually coalesce into planets, moons, and other celestial bodies. In this specific system, the protoplanetary disk is particularly intriguing because it is influenced by the gravitational forces of all three stars, creating unique conditions for planetary formation. Studying this disk helps scientists understand how planets can form in multi-star environments, offering insights into the diversity of planetary systems in the universe.

In most star systems, planets form around just one star. But in multi-star systems like GG Tau A, the forces between the stars can affect how the gas and dust in the disk behave. That’s why studying GG Tau A is so important- – it allows scientists to learn how planets could form in these more complicated environments.

Cold and icy conditions help planets form
As mentioned by the sources, to learn more about how planets form in this system, the team used powerful radio telescopes in Chile’s Atacama Desert. They focused on the coldest parts of the disk, where temperatures drop to around 12 to 16 degrees Kelvin, which is older than the freezing point of carbon monoxide. In these icy regions, molecules freeze into tiny dust particles. These frozen molecules are important because they help create the building blocks for planets

GG Tau A is a unique and fascinating triple-star system located about 489 light-years away in the Taurus constellation. It’s particularly interesting to astronomers because of its young age (1-5 million years old) and the presence of a protoplanetary disk, a swirling disk of gas and dust where planets can form.
Key features of GG Tau A:

• Triple-star system: Three stars orbit each other in a complex gravitational dance. This is a rare configuration in the universe.
• Young age: Being only 1-5 million years old, it offers a glimpse into the early stages of planetary formation.
• Protoplanetary disk: The presence of this disk makes it a prime candidate for studying how planets form in multi-star systems.
• Complex dynamics: The gravitational interactions between the three stars can significantly affect the disk, making planet formation more challenging and unpredictable compared to single-star systems.
  Why is GG Tau A important?
  Studying GG Tau A helps scientists understand:
• Planet formation in complex environments: How planets can form in the presence of multiple stars, which is a more challenging environment than around a single star.
• The early stages of planetary system formation: Observing a young system like GG Tau A provides insights into the initial stages of planetary development.
• The diversity of planetary systems: By studying different types of star systems, we can gain a better understanding of the range of planetary systems that can exist in the universe.
  Recent discoveries and research:
  Indian astronomers from the National Institute of Science Education and Research (NISER) in Odisha have been studying GG Tau A using advanced radio telescopes. They have made significant contributions to our understanding of this system, including analyzing the composition of the protoplanetary disk and investigating the impact of the stars’ interactions on the disk’s behavior.
  GG Tau A continues to be a subject of intense research, and future observations promise to reveal even more about the fascinating processes of planet formation in this unique triple-star system.

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