This is the story of an element which is an important part of life. Without this it is not possible to imagine life on earth. Scientists have discovered a unique story of the movement of this element in the Galaxy, which tells how carbon had traveled millions of light years before reaching Earth

When we talk about the origin of life and our scientists investigate it, it goes back a long way.  Yes, the investigation into the beginning of life did not begin only with the emergence of life on Earth. In fact, scientists also want to know how the elements that make up life started forming and whether they were formed outside the Earth or were formed here. Research is showing that substances capable of supporting life have existed outside the Earth for a long time. But there is a major element which is a part of the human body, which had traveled about 4 lakh light years and reached here long before becoming a part of life on Earth. Yes, in the new study the researchers are talking about carbon

Our carbon was in deep space
In the study, researchers have found that carb was floating among the stars in deep space long before reaching the human body. Not only this, this carbon was part of a huge galactic recycling system that keeps our universe’s star-making factory running. This study has been done by a team led by Samantha Garza, a doctoral candidate at the University of Washington.

star making factories
The results of the study shed special light on how galaxies like our Milky Way are able to continue the process of forming new stars and how important the role of elements like carbon is in this. The reason for this is that the astronomical cycle of carbon was responsible for keeping all these star-making factories alive.

This special circle at the boundaries of the galaxy
Like the water cycle, there are many other types of cycles on Earth. Like nitrogen cycle, oxygen cycle, carbon cycle etc. But galaxies have their own types of cycles in the universe. They also have cycles like carbon and oxygen. These cycles extend through the galaxy and their surrounding areas.  These are like a huge conveyor belt system in space, which goes beyond the boundaries of the galaxy, in which material goes into space and is also pulled back from there.

star formation process
Garza says that this circumgalactic medium, i.e. the area around the Galaxy, can be considered like a big train station. In which material is continuously being inserted and taken out. Through supernova explosions, the heavy elements formed in stars are thrown out of the galaxy and into the circumgalactic medium, from where they are pulled back and the cycle of star and planet formation continues.

discovery of carbon cycle
The foundation of this study was laid when the circumgalactic medium was discovered in 2011. Then scientists discovered hot oxygen rich gases in this area. Now Garza’s team has shown that cold materials such as carbon are also part of this system. For this, they saw the light coming from a very bright distant celestial body, Quasar, being affected by the carbon-filled medium near 11 galaxies

Using the special spectrograph of the Hubble Space Telescope, researchers found that the carbon in this area outside the Galaxy is spread over an area of 4 lakh light years. Study co-author Jessica Werk says that there is every possibility that the carbon in our bodies must have been outside our galaxy for a long time. The study published in The Astrophysical Journal Letters will open up many dimensions of understanding the evolution of the Galaxy. But researchers say that the most important thing is that this will help us know why some galaxies had stopped producing stars

Carbon is the sixth element on the periodic table and is a non-metal. It is a versatile element that can form four chemical bonds, allowing it to create a wide variety of compounds.
Importance of Carbon in Human Life
Carbon is the building block of life. It is essential for all known living systems and plays a crucial role in various biological processes. Here are some key reasons why carbon is so important:

• Formation of Organic Compounds: Carbon is the primary component of organic compounds, which are the molecules that make up living organisms. These include carbohydrates, proteins, lipids, and nucleic acids (DNA and RNA).
• Energy Storage: Carbon is stored in the form of glucose, a simple sugar, which is used as an energy source by cells. It is also stored in the form of glycogen and fat, which provide long-term energy reserves.
• Structural Support: Carbon is a key component of the cell walls of plants and the exoskeletons of insects. It also provides structural support to the human body in the form of proteins and carbohydrates.
• Genetic Information: Carbon is a crucial part of DNA and RNA, the molecules that carry genetic information.
• Photosynthesis: Carbon dioxide (CO2) is absorbed by plants during photosynthesis and used to build organic molecules. This process is essential for the production of food and oxygen on Earth.
• Carbon Cycle: Carbon is constantly cycling through the environment, moving between the atmosphere, oceans, land, and living organisms. This cycle is essential for maintaining the balance of carbon on Earth.
• Industrial Uses: Carbon is used in the production of a wide variety of products, including steel, plastics, and fuels.
  In conclusion, carbon is an essential element for life on Earth. It plays a crucial role in various biological processes and is also used in many industrial applications. Without carbon, life as we know it would not exist.

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