Our organs age at different rates, faster ageing means 20-50% higher mortality risk, shows study

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A study published in Nature found that about 20% of healthy adults over 50 are “extreme agers”. This means that their organs are aging at different rates. The study also found that 1.7% of the population are multi-organ agers. 

Some common conditions that occur with aging include: 

  • Hearing loss 
  • Cataracts 
  • Back and neck pain 
  • Osteoarthritis 
  • Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease 
  • Diabetes 
  • Depression 
  • Dementia 

Aging is the deterioration of physiological functions over time. Some changes that occur with aging include: 

  • Bones shrinking in size and density 
  • Muscles losing strength, endurance, and flexibility 

Astonishingly, almost 20 percent of participants exhibited accelerated ageing in one organ, while 1.7 percent were classified as multi-organ agers. This accelerated ageing correlated with a 20-50 percent higher mortality risk, linking specific organ diseases to faster ageing.

In medical terms, aging is the decline of physiological functions over time. This decline affects the functions necessary for reproduction and survival. 

There are three types of aging: 

  • Chronologic age: Based on the passage of time 
  • Biologic age: Based on changes that commonly occur in the body as people age 
  • Psychologic age: Based on how people feel and act 

Some changes that occur in cells with aging include: 

  • Becoming larger 
  • Being less able to divide and multiply 
  • Increasing pigments and fatty substances 
  • Losing the ability to function 
  • Functioning abnormally 

Oxidative damage accumulates with age. This has led to the free radical theory of aging, which focuses on molecules known as reactive oxygen species (ROS). 

Some other terms related to aging include: 

  • Senility: Physical and mental deterioration associated with old age 
  • Caloric restriction: A diet that involves eating fewer calories without malnutrition 
  • Age spots: Flat spots on the skin caused by sun exposure

Here’s some more information about the three types of aging: 

  • Chronological age This is the number of years a person has been alive. It’s calculated based on the number of days, months, and years that have passed since birth. It’s not affected by lifestyle. 
  • Biological age This is an estimate of a person’s physiological age. It’s based on chronological age, as well as other factors like lifestyle, diet, and genetics. Biological age is an attempt to more accurately reflect a person’s risk of age-related diseases or death. 
  • Psychological age This is how old a person feels, acts, and behaves. It’s based on a person’s mental and cognitive functioning, including self-esteem, self-efficacy, learning, memory, and perception. 

Biological age is the most familiar type of aging. It’s measured using genetic and lab testing.

Some common signs of aging include: 

  • Skin: Wrinkles, age spots, skin tags, skin damage from sun exposure 
  • Hair: Gray hair 
  • Posture: A slightly stooped posture 
  • Forgetfulness: “Senior moments” of forgetfulness 
  • Vision and hearing: Loss of some sight and hearing 
  • Sleep patterns: Changes to sleep patterns 
  • Energy levels: Changes to energy levels 
  • Appetite: Changes to appetite 
  • Teeth and gums: Changes to teeth and gums 
  • Bones: Bones become more brittle 
  • Sex life: Changes to sex life 

Other signs of aging include: 

  • Your heart works harder 
  • It’s harder getting around or staying strong

Other common age-related diseases and conditions include: 

  • Parkinson’s disease 
  • Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) 
  • Osteoarthritis 
  • Cataracts 
  • Age-related macular degeneration (AMD) 
  • Hearing loss 

Heart disease affects 37% of men and 26% of women over 65. 

As people age, they are more likely to have risk factors such as: 

  • High blood pressure 
  • High cholesterol

Some signs of aging can be seen in your 20s and 30s

  • Cellular level: Cell turnover slows down around age 25. 
  • Skin: Skin cell renewal slows down between ages 25–30. Expression lines become more prominent between ages 30–35. Static lines begin to appear between ages 35–40. 
  • Subjective age: Most people feel younger than their true age after their mid-20s. People with a younger subjective age have a reduced risk of mortality and are less likely to develop dementia. 

Other signs of aging include: 

  • Gray hair 
  • Wrinkles 
  • Age spots 
  • Spinal discs shrinking 
  • Difficulty seeing and hearing 
  • Changes to teeth and gums 
  • Bones becoming more brittle 
  • Changes to sex life 

Aging can also lead to a decline in physical or cognitive abilities. This can impact independence, and may require assistance with daily tasks(full article source google)

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